小麦互益素对麦长管蚜及其天敌的影响

研究了在田间使用小麦互益素--水杨酸甲酯和6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮对麦长管蚜及其主要天敌--异色瓢虫和燕麦蚜茧蜂的影响.结果表明,小麦互益素虽然没有明显改变麦长管蚜的田间种群变动趋势,但显著降低了麦长管蚜的种群数量.使用小麦互益素能够恶化麦长管蚜的生存环境,使有翅蚜数量明显增加.尽管小麦互益素使天敌物种丰富度有所下降,天敌群落多样性和均匀度指数下降,但燕麦蚜茧蜂、异色瓢虫等优势天敌的种群数量不仅没有减少反而有所增加.因此,田间使用小麦互益素对控制麦长管蚜的危害具有重要作用.

Effects of wheat synomones on Macrosiphum avenae and its natural enemies

An investigation was made in winter wheat fields to study the effects of applying wheat synomones methyl salicylate and sulcatone (6-methy-5-hepten-2-one) on the dynamic changes of Macrosiphum avenae and its natural enemies Harmonia axyridis and Aphidius avenae. The results showed that wheat synomones didn' t change the population dynamics of M. avenae significantly, but had a significant effect on the reduction of M. avenae population number. The synomones could deteriorate the existent environment of M. avenae, and make the number of alatae increased obviously. Although synomones decreased the species richness, diversity index, and evenness of natural enemy communities, the numbers of dominant natural enemy species such as A. avenae and H axyridis were increased. Applying wheat synomones was helpful to the control of M. avenae in winter wheat fields.