基于能值分析的洞庭湖区退田还湖生态补偿标准

基于能值分析理论，对1999-2010年洞庭湖区退田还湖的各项主要生态服务价值的能值及其货币价值进行计算，确立了根据每年生态服务功能能值总量相对于退田还湖生态恢复起始年份的增量来确定生态补偿标准的计算方法，分析了1999-2010年的生态补偿标准和补偿范围.结果表明： 1999-2010年，洞庭湖区退田还湖年补偿标准在40.31～86.48元·m^-2，均值为57.33元·m^-2；生态补偿标准呈逐年增加趋势，这反映了退田还湖生态恢复工程的成效逐渐显现.研究区生态补偿标准2005年以后呈现出稳步快速增长的态势，这主要是湖南省集约型经济发展的结果，进一步说明随着经济社会的发展，自然生态资源价值将日益凸显.能值分析应用于生态补偿标准能反映补偿标准的动态变化，解决了物质流、能量流与经济流对接困难的问题，克服了以往环境经济学方法主观随意性较大的弊端，研究表明了能值分析的可行性与先进性.

Ecological compensation standard in Dongting Lake region of returning cropland to lake based on emergy analysis.

The annual emergy and currency value of the main ecological service value of returning cropland to lake in Dongting Lake region from 1999 to 2010 was calculated based on emergy analysis. The calculation method of ecological compensation standard was established by calculating annual total emergy of ecological service function increment since the starting year of returning cropland to lake, and the annual ecological compensation standard and compensation area were analyzed from 1999 to 2010. The results indicated that ecological compensation standard from 1999 to 2010 was 40.31-86.48 yuan·m^-2 with the mean of 57.33 yuan·m^-2. The ecological compensation standard presented an increase trend year by year due to the effect of eco recovery of returning cropland to lake. The ecological compensation standard in the research area presented a swift and steady growth trend after 2005 mainly due to the intensive economy development of Hunan Province, suggesting the value of natural ecological resources would increase along with the development of society and economy. Appling the emergy analysis to research the ecological compensation standard could reveal the dynamics of annual ecological compensation standard, solve the abutment problem of matter flow, energy flow and economic flow, and overcome the subjective and arbitrary of environment economic methods. The empirical research of ecological compensation standard in Dongting Lake region showed that the emergy analysis was feasible and advanced.