苜蓿切叶蜂授粉扩散行为及苜蓿种子增产效应的研究

对苜蓿切叶蜂(Megachilerotundata)为苜蓿授粉的田间群体扩散行为和苜蓿种子增产效应研究表明,以授粉后苜蓿种子增产效应为指标,发现苜蓿切叶蜂以蜂箱为中心向四周扩散,随着距离增大,蜂的扩散及授粉效应逐渐降低。但不同方向其扩散及授粉效应不同,以苜蓿种子产量Y≥50g·m^-2为高效区,50g·m^-2>Y≥30g·m^-2为中效区,30g·m^-2>Y≥15g·m^-2为低效区。在高效区和中效区内,东北方向扩散距离最远,分别为50和60m,其次是东和北;在低效区,向北扩散距离最远,可达100m,其次是东北和西北;西、南、西南和东南扩散距离较短。据此做出了高效区、中效区和低效区的苜蓿切叶蜂授粉扩散行为图,由此可直观地看到3个区的范围.

Dispersal behavior of alfalfa leafcutter bees of pollination and its effect of increasing alfalfa seed production

Field investigation show that the alfalfa leafcutter bees dispersed around their beehives. The dispersal and pollination effect decreased with the distance, and differed with direction. High, middle and low effective areas were defined with seed yields of ≥50, 50～30, 30～15g·m^-2, respectively. In high and middle effective areas, the dispersal distances in northeast direction were the longest, with 50 and 60 m respectively, and next by east and north directions. In low effective area, the dispersal distances in north direction was the longest, with 100m, next by northeast, northwest, west, south, southwest and southeast directions. Based on the above results, a map with high, middle and low effective areas of alfalfa leafcutter bees pollination were drawn, from which, the ranges of these three areas could be directly seen.