硝基苯类化合物微生物降解研究进展

硝基苯类化合物是一类具有稳定化学性质、高毒性和易在生物体内积累的优先污染物.微生物降解在硝基苯类化合物废水废气治理和污染环境修复方面具有明显优势.从降解菌的驯化筛选、降解途径、降解机理、共代谢、趋化性和分子遗传学角度，阐述了硝基苯类化合物微生物降解研究的最新进展，指出应进一步加强工程菌的构建及其应用开发研究.在硝基苯类化合物污染环境的微生物修复方面，共代谢和混合菌株的协同作用具有重要的应用前景.

Research advances in microbial degradation of nitrobenzene and its substituted compounds.

Nitrobenzene and its substituted compounds are a group of priority pollutants characterized by chemical stability, high toxicity, and biological accumulation. To treat the waste water and gas containing nitrobenzene and its substituted compounds and to remedy the environment polluted by these compounds, microbial degradation had advantages over other methods. This paper summarized the research advances in the microbial degradation of nitrobenzene and its substituted compounds by terms of the acclimation and screening of degradation strains, degradation pathways and mechanisms, co-metabolism, chemotaxis, and molecular genetics. Further studies should be made on the construction and application of engineering bacteria. In the microbial remediation of environment polluted by nitrobenzene and its substituted compounds, co-metabolism and synergetic degradation of co-strains would play an important role.