表土在日本植被恢复中的应用

土壤种子库具有区域特有的物种组成和遗传特性，对维持物种多样性和种群密度起到重要作用.表土是具有植被恢复潜在能力的绿化材料.本文在参考大量日本文献的基础上，介绍了利用表土进行植被恢复的特点及分类，从表土混合比例、坡面环境、表土采集深度等3个方面归纳分析了利用表土进行植被恢复的方式，介绍了其在森林、道路、湿地、废弃地等不同类型生境中的应用.最后针对表土在植被恢复应用中存在的问题提出了今后的研究课题:应加强表土在植被恢复中的应用研究，明确绿化技术、恢复目标及表土作为绿化材料的适用性调查方法和标准，开发低成本、高效率的新型表土利用方法.

Topsoil application in vegetation restoration in Japan

Soil seed bank has the unique regional species composition and genetic characteristics,and plays important roles in maintaining species diversity and population density.Topsoil,as a kind of revegetation materials,has the potential in vegetation restoration.Based on the Japanese literatures,this paper introduced the characteristics and contents of revegetation with topsoil,and discussed the revegetation modes from the aspects of topsoil mixing ratio,slope surface condition,and topsoil collection depth.The application cases of topsoil in various habitat types such as forests,roads,wetlands,and abandoned lands were also introduced.Some suggestions to the further researches on topsoil application in vegetation restoration were proposed,e.g.,to strengthen the practical research of topsoil,to determine the appropriate techniques and targets of topsoil application as well as the survey methods and applicability standards,and to develop the low cost and high-efficient new application ways of topsoil.