豫南黏板土壤分层酸化和耕层速效磷分布特征

黄淮海平原南部以黄褐土和砂姜黑土等为代表的耕地土壤酸化趋势明显.为深入认识该类型黏板土壤垂直剖面上pH值和耕层养分的空间变异情况,以豫南西平县为例,对县域范围内63个耕地样点进行pH值和速效磷测定,运用地统计学方法和ArcGIS技术分析不同深度土壤pH值和耕层土壤(0～20 cm)速效磷的空间分布状况,并分析了pH值与...

Characteristics of acidification and the distribution of available phosphorus along soil depths in heavy clay soils in southern Henan Province,China

The acidification of agricultural soil in the southern part of the North China Plain has become more obvious,which is particularly true for the heavy clay soil types,such as yellow-cinnamon and lime concretion black soils.To understand the spatial variability of the pH value and nutrients on the vertical agricultural soil profile of heavy clay soils in this area,we measured pH values and available phosphorus(AP) in 63 farmland sample points from Xiping County in the southern Henan Province.Geostatistical methods and ArcGIS technology were used to map soil pH values along three soil depths(0-10,10-20,and 20-30 cm) and the spatial distribution of soil AP in the tillage layer(0-20 cm).Furthermore,the correlation between pH and AP was analyzed.The results showed that mean pH values of typical yellow-cinnamon and typical fluvo-aquic soils from three soil layers were 4.98,4.93,5.31,and 5.46,5.81,6.26,respectively,which gradually increased with soil depths.However,there was no significant difference among the three soil layers.Mean pH values of typical lime concretion black soil from the three soil layers were 5.23,5.43 and 6.03,respectively,and that of the 20-30 cm soil layer was significantly higher than that of the 0-10 cm(by 0.8-1 pH unit) and the 10-20 cm layers.The pH of the 20-30 cm soil layer of the calcareous lime concretion black and moist soils were also significantly higher than that of the 0-10 and 10-20 cm soil layers.The AP contents of the typical yellow-cinnamon,typical lime concretion black,moist,typical fluvo-aquic and calcareous lime concretion black soils in 0-20 cm soil layer were 8.85-54.75,4.27-37.49,8.22-51.80,6.07-34.82,and 13.22-22.85 mg·kg^-1,respectively.The results of the map indicated that the areas with low AP were distributed in the middle of the study area in blocks,and the areas with high AP were distributed around the study area in dots and flakes.The pH values of the typical yellow-cinnamon,typical lime concretion black,and moist soils positively correlated with the content of AP in the 0-20 cm soil layer.In conclusion,the heavy clay soil in southern Henan Province became stratified acidification,which slowed down along the soil depth.Soil AP contents in the tillage layer were distributed unevenly in the study area,and were affected by soil types and soil pH.These results would be useful for the improvement of heavy clay soil acidification in the southern part of the North China Plain.