基于生态系统服务价值评估的长征沿线革命老区生态补偿策略

长征沿线革命老区普遍存在生态保护与社会经济发展的矛盾,生态补偿是解决这一矛盾的重要措施.基于2018年土地利用、植被净初级生产力、气候因子等数据,采用修正的当量因子法,测算长征沿线革命老区310个县域的生态系统服务价值,然后采用区域差异化生态补偿估算方法,对该地区生态补偿优先级和生态补偿额度进行划分和估算,并探讨长征沿...

Ecological compensation strategy of the old revolutionary base areas along the route of Long March based on ecosystem service value evaluation

The conflict between ecological protection and socio-economic development in the old revolutionary base areas along the route of Long March can be addressed by ecological compensation.In this study,we collected 2018 data of land use,net primary productivity of vegetation,climate factors and so on.The ecosystem service value of 310 counties in the old revolutionary base areas was calculated using the data and modified equivalent factor.Then,the regional differentiated ecological compensation estimation method was applied to estimate the priority and amount of ecological compensation within the area.We further proposed the ecological compensation strategy adopted for the old revolutionary base areas along the route of Long March.The results showed that the total value of ecosystem services in the old revolutionary base areas along the route of Long March amounted to 2593.74 billion yuan in 2018.Forest services took the highest proportion(58.8%),followed by grassland and waters.The total amount of ecological compensation made for the old revolutionary base areas along the route of Long March reached 183.405 billion yuan.Compared with this amount,there was a large gap in the actual compensation funds available to the region.In addition,the total amount of ecological compensation accounted for only 0.04% of the aggregate GDP in this area,which put some strain on local fiscal resources and showed certain viability in ecological compensation.In 2018,totally 100 old revolutionary base areas along the route of Long March were designated as the priority areas for ecological compensation,consistent with the national key eco-function zone policy.However,there were deviations in the allocation of ecological compensation funds,with some priority areas receiving no compensation.As for the compensation strategy,it is necessary to put in place a diversified,market-oriented and comprehensive ecological compensation mechanism to increase the sources of ecological compensation funds at first.Then,efforts should be continued to optimize the spatial selection of ecological compensation in the old revolutionary base areas along the route of Long March and to improve the efficiency of regional ecological compensation mechanism.