惠州地区氮流动力学分析

富营养化是重要的水体污染问题，氮素是富营养化形成的重要因素.采用物流核算的方法研究了中国惠州地区与人类活动有关的氮流在环境系统和人类生产生活系统的状况.采用非点源污染输出系数法定量研究氮流，城市生活污水中氮的排放采用人口氮素摄入 排放法来估算.对惠州地区1998年实测资料氮流过程的统计分析和动力学分析结果表明，该地区主要氮流动力学因素为河流输送、化学肥料和动物饲料输入、人类生产生活、大气氮的转化和沉降、动物排泄物降解挥发以及燃烧过程和其它散发过程中氮的损耗.当年输入本地区的氮素有40%滞留在系统中，这些氮素可能累积从而引发环境问题.河流是系统氮素输出的主要方式，约占57%.同多瑙河和长江流域的比较发现，这3个地区单位面积氮输出量相当，人均氮素贡献率接近.

Nitrogen flow in Huizhou region

Eutrophication is a serious problem of water body pollution. By the method of material flow accounting, this paper studied the human activities- related nitrogen flow in the system of environment and anthroposphere in Huizhou region. The non-point source pollution was quantified by export coefficient method, and the domestic discharge was estimated by demand-supply method. The statistic and dynamic analyses based on the investigation data of 1998 showed that the major nitrogen flows in this region were river loads, fertilizer and feedstuff imports, atmospheric deposition, animal excretes' degradation and volatilization, and the processes relating to burning and other emissions. In 1998, about 40% of nitrogen was detained in the system, which could be accumulated and yield potential environmental problems. The nitrogen export in this region was mainly by rivers, accounted for about 57%. A comparison of Huizhou region with the Danube and Changjiang basins showed that the unit area nitrogen exports in these three regions were of the same magnitude, and the per capita nitrogen exports were comparable.