三江平原典型湿地及其开垦后土壤中总硫变化的初步研究

以三江平原3种主要沼泽类型--小叶章(Calamagrostis angustifolia)沼泽、乌拉苔草(Carex meyeriana)沼泽、毛果苔草(Carex lasiocarpa)沼泽以及不同开垦年限的耕地为研究对象，对其土壤中总硫含量进行分析，3种沼泽中总硫量的顺序为小叶章沼泽(622．4mg·kg^-1)<乌拉苔草沼泽(820．5mg·kg^-1)、毛果苔草沼泽(1022．4mg·kg^-1)，挠力河、鸭绿河、别拉洪河及浓江流域土壤中总硫量的顺序为挠力河(925．0mg·kg^-1)>鸭绿河(841．8mg·kg^-1)>浓江(636．5mg·kg^-1)>别拉洪河(520．8mg·kg^-1)沼泽湿地及耕地土壤总硫量在层次上具有明显的规律性，即由表土层向下，含量逐渐降低，1980～2000年开垦的耕地土壤中总硫含量平均值为180．5mg·kg^-1，而未开垦湿地中的总硫含量平均值为735．8mg·kg^-1。耕地中的总硫量显著低于湿地中的总硫量，并且开垦年限越长，土壤中的总硫量越低，表明湿地开垦导致土壤总硫明显流失。

Preliminary study Oil total sulfur in typical marsh wetland and arable soils in Sanjiang Plain

Three primary marsh types including Calamagrostis angustifolia marsh, Carex lasiocarpa marsh and Carex meyeriana marsh and the arables land reclaimed in different years were selected as studying objects, and the total sulfur in these soils were analyzed. The results indicated that the mean total sulfur was 622.4 mg.kg-1 in Calamagrostis angustifolia marsh soils, 820.5 mg.kg-1 in Carex meyerianan marsh soils, and 1,022.4 mg.kg-1 in Carex lasiocarpa marsh soils. Naoli River, Bielahong River, Yalu River and Nongjiang River are the four typical rivers in Sanjiang Plain. The mean total sulfur was 925 mg.kg-1 in Naoli Valley soils, 708.6 mg.kg-1 in Bielahong Valley soils, 841.8 mg.kg-1 in Yalu Valley, and 636.5 mg.kg-1 in Nongjiang Valley. The total sulfur in both marshes and arable soils presented distinct regularity, namely it gradually decreased from surface soil to botteom. The average total sulfur in the arable land reclaimed between 1980 and 2000 was 180.5 mg.kg-1, and it was 735.8 mg.kg-1 in natural marsh soils. So the total sulfur in arable land was remarkably lower than that in the marshes, and the reclamation could result in sulfur loss.