缓/控释肥料对辣椒生长及养分利用率的影响

采用盆栽试验方法，连续3年研究了不同缓/控释肥料在辣椒上的施用效果.结果表明：与常规分次施肥处理（T¹）相比，一次性施用聚合物包膜控释肥处理（T²）提高了辣椒的单果质量和维生素C含量，改善了根系活力，产量平均提高8.4％，但可溶性糖含量没有明显变化；施用磷酸铵镁包膜控释肥处理（T₃）的单果质量和维生素C含量与T₁无显著差异，但可溶性糖含量提高了5.67%，根系活力在生育前期旺盛，后期较弱，平均产量略有降低；而3种缓释肥处理则提高了果实的可溶性糖含量，显著改善了根系活力，但平均产量与T₁无显著差异.在养分利用方面，除T₂处理氮钾利用率提高、磷素利用率降低外，其他缓/控释肥料处理的氮、磷、钾利用率均明显提高.表明合理施用缓/控释肥料能改善辣椒的根系活力，提高养分利用率.

Effects of slow/controlled release fertilizers on the growth and nutrient use efficiency of pepper.

Pot trails were conducted from 2003 to 2005 to study the effects of slow/controlled release fertilizers on the growth and nutrient use efficiency of pepper. The results indicated that in comparison with conventional splitting fertilization (T1), basal application of polymer-coated controlled release fertilizer (T2) enhanced the single fruit mass and vitamin C concentration, improved the root activity, and increased the fruit yield by 8.4%, but no significant effect was observed on the dissoluble sugar concentration in fruit. NH4MgPO4-coated controlled release fertilizer (T3) increased the dissoluble sugar concentration by 5.67%, but had less effect on single fruit mass and vitamin C concentration. Under the application of T3, the root system had a vigorous growth at early stages but became infirm at later stages, resulting in a lower yield. Comparing with T1, the application of 3 slow release fertilizers increased the dissoluble sugar concentration in fruit, enhanced the root activity, but had less effect on the yield. All test slow/controlled release fertilizers increased the use efficiency of N, P, and K significantly, with an exception for T2 which increased the use efficiency of N and K but decreased that of P. It was demonstrated that an appropriate application of slow/controlled release fertilizers could enhance pepper' s root activity and improve nutrient use efficiency.