森林生态系统健康评估的一般性途径探讨

生态系统健康评估方法及指标体系成为21世纪生态系统健康研究的核心内容．作为陆地生态系统的重要组成部分，森林生态系统健康的评估研究引起了广泛的关注．学者们对森林生态系统健康的定义、测度、评估和管理开始做出积极的探讨和实践，提出了一些理论和应用上的评价方法、评估途径和框架，为解决陆地生态系统危机甚至全球环境问题提供了新的概念和一系列研究手段．但由于多种条件的限制，目前仍然没有通用有效的评估森林生态系统健康的一般模式．文中简要探讨了森林生态系统健康问题，提出有效评估森林健康的3个前提：1)清晰明确的概念框架；2)充分有效的数据信息；3)正确合理的研究途径和技术手段．并分别进行了探讨．在此基础上总结阐述了可用于森林生态系统健康评估研究的途径：长期研究和定位监测、时空互换、历史研究途径、经济价值评估及其途径等．

Approaches for assessing forest ecosystem health

Assessment and indicator system become the key issues in the research on ecosystem health in 21 st century. Assessing forest ecosystem health gradually attach much attention because it is an important component of terrestrial ecosystem. The definition,measurement,evaluation and its management had been discussed broadly,and some theories,assessing methods and frameworks had been proposed,which provides a new concept and a serial research approaches for dealing with the crisis of terrestrial ecosystems,even the environment problems in the world. Now,the common operational models for assessing forest ecosystem health do not exist owing to the manifold limitations. This paper discussed forest ecosystem health problem,and brought forward three preconditions for assessing forest ecosystem health:1) a clear conceptual framework;2) adequate data sets;3) proper research and analysis techniques. The issues of three preconditions were discussed,and the possible approaches for the assessing research on forest ecosystem health,e.g.,long term studies and environment monitoring,space for time substation studies,e.g.,history approaches,economics valuation and others were expariated.