炼山飞播造林后华山松林主要种群资源利用研究

巫溪县红池坝地区于1972年采用炼山造林的生态恢复措施对退化森林植被进行了恢复与重建，现已形成了多种类型的华山松（Pinus armandii）针阔混交林群落.采用Petraitis生态位普遍重叠和特定重叠指数，研究了巫溪县红池坝地区华山松群落中10个主要乔木种群的资源利用状况.结果表明，华山松与大多数乡土树种都具有较大的生态位宽度，种间普遍重叠值为0.728，表明种群能够充分、有效地占有和利用生境资源.华山松对乡土树种的种间特定重叠值很小，而乡土树种对华山松的特定重叠值大，华山松对资源利用和竞争能力不及乡土树种，在竞争中处于劣势.乡土阔叶树种间特定重叠值普遍很小，在资源利用上生态位分化有明显优势，因此，乡土树种的生态位特征应作为植被生态恢复与重建实施过程中的有益参照.另外，本文还对Petraitis的重叠测度指数的可用性和优缺点进行了初步探讨.

Resources utilization of main tree populations in Pinus armandii mixed forest after controlled burning and aerial-sowing afforestation

In Hongchiba region of Wuxi County,the controlled burning and aerial sowing in 1972 rehabilitated degraded forest vegetations,and various types of Pinus armandii mixed communities were formed.By employing Petraitis' general and specific overlap indices,this paper analyzed the resources utilization of 10 main tree populations in Pinus armandii mixed forest.The results showed that Pinus armandii and most native trees had a wide niche breadth,and the interspecies general overlap value was 0.728,indicating that there was a fully and effective habitat resources utilization in the communities.The interspecies specific overlap value of Pinus armandii overlapping other native trees was very low,while that of native trees overlapping Pinus armandii was quite high,which demonstrated that the resources utilization and competition capability of Pinus armandii were weaker than those of native trees,and Pinus armandii population was at its inferior state during the process of their competitions.The interspecies specific overlap value between native trees was very low,generally because of their sound niche differentiation on resources utilization.As a result,the niche characteristics of native trees should be regarded as a favorable sample for the application of ecological rehabilitation and reconstruction.The advantages and disadvantages of Petraitis' overlap indices were discussed in this paper preliminarily.