基于SIMWE模型的典型水土保持措施侵蚀阻控路径分析——以通双小流域为例

针对东北黑土区长缓坡地形条件下坡面产汇流集中易加剧土壤侵蚀的问题,本研究基于GIS和SIMWE(SIMulated Water Erosion)模型,引入连通性指数和水深空间分布作为水文连通性与径流路径的衡量指标.通过量化不同典型水土保持措施对土壤入渗速率和地表曼宁糙率的影响,构建梯田数字高程模型(DEM)模拟表征地表...

Paths of soil erosion controlled by typical soil and water conservation practices based on the SIMWE model: A case study of the Tongshuang watershed.

Due to the basic topographical characteristics of the gentle and long slope lengths in the Mollisol region of Northeast China, severe soil erosion is easily aggravated by the concentration of surface flow. The spatial distribution of water depth and hydrological connectivity index were introduced to evaluate the effects of typical soil and water conservation practices on the overland flow path and hydrological connectivity based on the GIS and SIMWE (SIMulated Water Erosion) model. We analyzed the effects of different soil and water conservation practices on the hydrological connectivity, water flow path, and spatial distribution of soil erosion and sediment yield by quantifying the variations of soil infiltration rate and surface manning roughness, as well as by constructing an artificial terrain digital elevation model (DEM). The results showed that: 1) terraces could effectively affect the hydrological connectivity of the slope and regulate flow path, with significant differences between the responses of hydrological connectivity and flow path under different forms of terraced fields and ridges. The characteristics of spatial distribution of soil erosion and sediment yield varied with changes in water flow path, which would eventually lead to the intensification of local erosion; 2) practices of vegetated buffer strips and contour tillage presented limited effectiveness on runoff path controlling, though they played a significant role in sediment retention; and 3) conservation tillage could reduce the hydrological connectivity and improve the retention capacity of runoff by increasing surface roughness. This study quantified the effects of different soil and water conservation practices on the hydrological connectivity, flow path, and spatial distribution of soil erosion and sediment yield, and could provide a theoretical reference for scientific layout of soil and water conservation practices in black soil region.