生态安全格局视角下的生态保护红线评估——以浙江省为例

为评估浙江省陆域生态保护红线科学性,本研究从生态安全格局视角出发,基于生态系统全过程的理念评价其生态效应。在明确生态保护红线三重内涵的基础上,构建评价指标体系,应用InVEST模型、净初级生产力定量分析等方法识别生态源地,评估红线斑块重要性;应用最小阻力值模型、重力模型等方法构建生态廊道体系,评估红线连通性;此外,通过景观格局指数、叠置分析等方法评估红线破碎化与协调性。结果表明: 从生态保护重要性看,浙江省生态保护红线保护规模较大,但13.5%的红线区保护重要性不高,省级生态源地中约40%的斑块未被纳入生态保护红线保护区。从空间结构整体性看,生态保护红线连通性不足,核心生态廊道占有率低于15%,部分县市红线斑块较为破碎。从系统间协调性看,生态保护红线跨行政区衔接性较好,但仍需注意平原地区因供需矛盾而导致的划定不实与破碎化现象。借鉴生态安全格局提出红线优化调整的相关策略,可为生态空间管理提供科学参考。

Evaluation of ecological conservation red line from the perspective of ecological security pattern: Taking Zhejiang Province,China as an example

To investigate the scientificity of the ecological conservation red line in Zhejiang Province, we evaluated the ecological effect based on the concept of ecosystem processes from the perspective of ecological security pattern. On the basis of clarifying the triple connotation of the ecological conservation red line, we constructed an evaluation index system to identify ecological sources and evaluate the importance of red line patches with InVEST model and net primary productivity quantitative analysis. Minimum resistance model and gravity model were used to construct the ecological corridors and evaluate the connectivity of red line. Moreover, landscape pattern index and overlay analysis were applied to evaluate the fragmentation and coordination of red line. The results showed that, from the perspective of ecological importance, the protection scale in Zhejiang Province was relatively large, but 13.5% of the red line areas were not of high importance. About 40% of the provincial ecological sources were not included in the ecological conservation red line. From the perspective of spatial structure, the connectivity of the ecological conservation red line was insufficient. The protection rate of the first-level ecological corridor was less than 15%. The red line patches in some counties and cities were relatively broken. From the perspective of natural-social system coordination, cross-administrative red line areas were well connected. However, it was still necessary to pay attention to the fact that the conflict between supply and demand in the plain area had led to spatial mismatch and fragmentation of red line. Using the ecological security pattern for reference, we put forward the relevant strategies of red line optimization and adjustment, which could provide scientific reference for ecological space management.