子午岭区生态系统服务权衡与协同变化及其影响因素

生态系统服务簇是多种生态系统服务的组合,可指征生态系统服务间权衡或协同关系。辨析服务簇内部的权衡与协同关系,有助于实现基于服务簇的生态分区与管理政策制定。基于InVEST模型,综合运用相关分析、聚类分析、主成分分析和冗余分析等,本研究揭示了子午岭区生态系统服务的空间群聚特征,探究了服务簇内部权衡与协同关系及生态系统服务的影响因素。结果表明: 2000—2017年,子午岭区生态系统服务整体得到改善。除土壤保持高值区在研究区北部较为集中外,其余生态系统服务高值区均在中部和南部较为集中。根据聚类结果将研究区在像元尺度上划分为4个生态系统服务簇,其中,核心保护簇内,产水服务与土壤保持存在较强权衡;粮食生产簇内,生境质量与产水服务、粮食生产存在较强权衡;生态过渡簇和生态脆弱簇内,服务间的协同关系广泛。生态系统服务同时受到自然本底条件和人类活动的影响,植被覆盖、降水和高程对研究区生态系统服务以积极影响为主,而温度、建设用地占比、人口密度等以消极影响为主。

Trade-off and synergy among ecosystem services and the influencing factors in the Ziwuling Region,Northwest China.

Ecosystem service (ES) bundle is a combination of various ecosystem services, serving as an indicator for the trade-off or synergy relationship among ecosystem services. Identifying the trade-off and synergy within ecosystem service bundles is helpful for realizing regional management and policymaking at the ES-bundle level. In this study, based on the InVEST model, the spatial composition, trade-off, and synergy of ES bundles, and their influencing factors were clarified using correlation analysis, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and redundancy analysis. The results showed that the ESs in the Ziwuling Region (ZWLR) were generally improved from 2000 to 2017. The high-value area of soil conservation was concentrated in the northern part of the ZWLR, whereas other high-value areas of ESs were concentrated in the central and southern parts. According to the results of the cluster analysis, the ZWLR could be divided into four ES-bundles at pixel level. There was a strong tradeoff between water yield service and soil conservation in the core protected bundle, and a strong tradeoff between habitat quality, water yield service and food production in grain production bundle. The relationship between ESs in ecologi-cal transition bundle and ecologically fragile bundle was dominated by synergetic relationship. The ESs were affec-ted by both natural conditions and human activities. Vegetation cover, precipitation, and elevation had positive effects on the ESs, while temperature, the proportion of construction land, and population density had negative effects.