低丘李园复合经营模式间作物生态效应研究

对沿江低丘李园4种优化模式的间作物生态效应分析表明，随重复种植的增加，4种间种模式土壤的有机质年均增加5%～20%；全N年增加7%～40%，全P年增加8%～70%，全K年增加15%～80%；全垦种植的土地水土流失严重，土壤侵蚀和地表径流第1年平均达1 415.2 t·hm^-2和790.7 m³·hm^-2；水土保持最好的是马铃薯+毛豆，其次为油菜+花生、马铃薯+西瓜、小麦；土壤平均侵蚀量和地表径流量与对照相比分别降低44.19%、38.24%、39.52%、37.56%和22.40%、9.28%、24.11%、21.16%.4种模式中油菜+花生生物量最高，年均达100 276 kg·hm^-2，其次是马铃薯+西瓜，年均达73 692 kg·hm^-2；生产力最高的是马铃薯+西瓜，年均达37 565 kg·hm^-2，其次是马铃薯+毛豆，年均达25 934 kg·hm^-2；投能效率最高的是油菜+花生，年均达到2.96.其次为马铃薯+西瓜、马铃薯+毛豆、小麦，分别为2.08、2.01、0.96.同时，有机、无机能输入效应表明，以生物能为主源输入进行转化利用太阳光能和水土资源，维护了果园生态系统的能量盈余，生态效益较高.

Ecological effects of intercrops in comprehensive management patterns of hilly area plum orchard

The study on the ecological effects of intercrops in four cropping patterns showed that with the increase of multiple cropping, the annual increase of soil organic matter, total N, total P and total K was 5% - 20%, 7% - 40%, 8% - 70% and 15% - 80%, respectively. Potato-soybean had the best benefit in soil and water conservation, followed by cole-peanut, potato-watermelon, and wheat. Compared with control, the average soil erosion module and runoff amount of 4 patterns were decreased by 44.19%, 39.55%, 38.24% and 37.56%, and 22.40%, 9.28%, 24.11% and 21.16%, respectively. Cole-peanut had the highest biomass, being averaged 100 276 kg . hm(-2) annually, and the second was potato-watermelon, with an average of 73 692 kg x hm(-2). Potato-watermelon had the highest productivity, which averaged 37 565 kg x hm(-2) annually, and the second was potato-soybean, averaged 25 934 kg x hm(-2). The efficiency of energy input was in order of cole-peanut, potato-watermelon, potato-soybean, and wheat, and the value was 2.96, 2.08, 2.01 and 0.96, respectively.