蔬菜营养与硝酸盐的关系

蔬菜硝酸盐累积是无公害蔬菜生产的限制因子之一，与蔬菜营养的关系密切．喜硝性是蔬菜作物的营养特性，NO3^-通过高亲和吸收转运系统和低亲和吸收转运系统被蔬菜吸收，在钼、锰、铁、铜、硫、磷等多种必需营养元素参与下被还原同化．文中简述了必需营养元素在蔬菜硝酸盐吸收和还原同化中的作用，重点论述了氮肥用量、种类及形态配比、施用时期、方法和氮素供应方式、磷素营养、钾索营养、中微量元素营养和平衡营养与蔬菜硝酸盐累积的关系，提出了今后研究工作的主攻方向，为控制蔬菜硝酸盐累积、提高蔬菜品质和生产无污染、安全、优质的无公害蔬菜提供参考．

Relationship between vegetable nutrition and nitrate content

Nitrate accumulation in vegetables,which related well to vegetable nutrition,becomes one of the limiting factors of non-pollution vegetables production.Preference to nitrate is the nutritional characteristic of vegetables.Nitrate is absorbed by vegetables through high-affinity transport system(HATS)and low-affinity transport system(LATS),and is reduced and transformed under the effect of such essential elements as molybdenum,manganese,iron,copper,sulphur and phosphorus.In this paper,the effects of essential elements on nitrate absorption and reductive transform were reviewed,and the relationships of nitrate accumulation in vegetables with vegetable nutrition of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and mid-and microelements as well as with balanced fertilization were discussed.The research keys in the field were prospected for controlling nitrate accumulation,improving vegetables' quality and producing non-pollution vegetables.