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祁连山北麓山体垂直带土壤碳氮分布特征及影响因素
引用本文:张鹏,张涛,陈年来.祁连山北麓山体垂直带土壤碳氮分布特征及影响因素[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(3):518-524.
作者姓名:张鹏  张涛  陈年来
作者单位:甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,兰州,730070
基金项目:黑河流域生态水文过程研究集成项目,国家科技支撑计划 
摘    要:以祁连山北麓自然垂直带(2600~3600 m)阴、阳坡为研究对象,研究了表层(0~20 cm)土壤有机碳和全氮分布及与海拔、地形、植被和土壤特性的关系.结果表明:阴坡土壤的有机碳和全氮含量(101.2和6.6 g·kg-1)显著高于阳坡(61.3和5.9 g·kg-1),且随海拔上升呈增加趋势.不同植被类型下土壤有机碳含量为:高山灌丛草甸>青海云杉林>高山草甸>祁连圆柏林;全氮含量为:高山灌丛草甸>高山草甸>青海云杉林>祁连圆柏林.土壤有机碳含量与海拔、土壤含水量、土壤全氮和年均降水量呈显著正相关关系,与土壤pH值和年平均气温呈显著负相关关系.整个垂直带土壤碳氮比在6.7~23.3,有利于有机质矿化过程中养分的释放.年均气温、年均降水量和土壤含水量是影响土壤有机碳含量的第1主成分,土壤碳氮比是第2主成分,累计解释率为71%,说明气候因子对有机碳和全氮在垂直带上的空间分布起决定作用.

关 键 词:祁连山  土壤有机碳  土壤全氮  海拔梯度  影响因素
收稿时间:2008-6-23

Vertical distribution patterns of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen and related affecting factors along northern slope of Qilian Mountains.
ZHANG Peng,ZHANG Tao,CHEN Nian-lai.Vertical distribution patterns of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen and related affecting factors along northern slope of Qilian Mountains.[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2009,20(3):518-524.
Authors:ZHANG Peng  ZHANG Tao  CHEN Nian-lai
Institution:College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Abstract:With the shady and sunny northern slopes of Qilian Mountains along an altitude gradient from 2600 m to 3600 m as test objectives, this paper studied t he vertical distribution patterns of surface soil (0〖KG-*2〗-〖KG-*7〗20 cm) or ganic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN), and their relations to the altitude, landform, and vege tation. The results indicated that SOC and TN contents were significantly hi gher on shady than on sunny slope, and all increased with increasing altitude. The SOC and TN contents under different vegetation types were in the order of alpi ne bush >Picea crassifolia forest>alpine meadow>Sabina przewalskii fores t, and alpine bush >alpine meadow>P. crassifolia forest>S. przewalskii f orest, respectively. SOC had significant positive correlations with altitude , annual precipitation, soil moisture, and soil TN, and significant negative cor relations with soil pH and annual temperature. Soil C/N ratio along the gradient was within the range of 67〖KG-*2〗-〖KG-*7〗233, being favorable to the nu trient release dur ing organic matter decomposition. Among the factors affecting SOC, the annua l temperature, precipitation, and soil moisture content constituted the first pr incipal component, and soil C/N ratio constituted the second principal component . These two principal components accounted for 71% of the variance of SOC co ntent, suggesting that climate factors controlled the vertical distribution patt erns of SOC and TN along the altitude gradient.
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