重金属离子对凡纳滨对虾肝胰脏、鳃丝和血液SOD活力的影响

研究了3种重金属离子(Cu²⁺、Zn²⁺、Cd²⁺)在96 h内对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)对肝胰脏、鳃丝和血液超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力的影响.结果表明,凡纳滨对虾SOD活力在3种重金属离子作用下随取样时间变化显著(P＜0.0),Cu²⁺在实验浓度范围内(0.1～1 mg·L^-1),肝胰脏、鳃丝和血液的SOD活力随时间延长呈一峰值变化,Zn²⁺在10 mg·L^-1时对肝胰脏表现为显著抑制作用,Cd²⁺在0. mg·L^-1时对肝胰脏和鳃丝起显著抑制作用,0.2 mg·L^-1对鳃丝SOD活力无显著变化(P＞0.0),其他浓度Zn²⁺(＜10 mg·L^-1)、Cd²⁺(＜0.2 mg·L^-1)对各组织器官SOD活力的影响随时间延长均呈现先升高后下降的趋势.3种重金属离子对凡纳滨对虾肝胰脏、鳃丝、血液SOD活力的影响呈现明显的剂量-时间效应关系.其SOD活力大小顺序为肝胰脏＞鳃丝＞血液,3种重金属离子对凡纳滨对虾伤害大小顺序为Cd²⁺＞Cu²⁺＞Zn²⁺.

Effects of heavy metal ions on SOD activity of Litopenaeus vannamei hepatopancreas,gill and blood

This paper studied the effects of Cu2+ , Zn2+ and Cd2+ on the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of Litopenaeus vannamnei hepatopancreas, gill and blood. The results showed that the SOD activity changed significantly with prolonged exposure of these ions (P < 0.05). The SOD activity of all test objectives changed with a single peak under the exposure of 0.1 - 1 mg Cu2+ x L(-1), that of hepatopancreas and of hepatopancreas and gills was inhibited obviously under 10 mg Zn2+ x L(-1) and 0.5 mg Cd2+ x L(-1), respectively, while 0.25 mg Cd2+ x L(-1) had no significant effect on that of gill. The SOD activity of hepatopancreas, gill and blood all increased first and then decreased under the prolonged exposure of < 10 mg Zn2+ x L(-1) and < 0.25 mg Cd2+ x L(-1). There was an obvious dose-time response relationship between test metal ions and SOD activity. The SOD activity was decreased in order of hepatopancreas > gill > blood, while the toxicity of test metal ions was in order of Cd2+ > Cu2+ > Zn2+.