浙江南部近海主要虾类的时空生态位及种间联结性

根据2015年11月(秋季)、2016年2月(冬季)、5月(春季)、8月(夏季)在浙江南部近海的调查数据,运用生态位宽度、生态位重叠值、方差比率法、卡方检验、联结系数以及种对共同出现百分率对主要虾类间的关系进行研究.结果表明:1)在时间维度上,扁足异对虾的生态位宽度值最大;在空间维度上,中华管鞭虾的生态位宽度值最大;在时空二维上,扁足异对虾的生态位宽度值最大;2)在时间维度上,假长缝拟对虾和细巧仿对虾的生态位重叠值最高,拥有最大的时间生态位重叠值(>0.99);在空间维度上,凹管鞭虾、中国对虾、假长缝拟对虾和滑脊等腕虾的生态位重叠值最高(0.96);在时空二维上,中国对虾和凹管鞭虾的生态位重叠值最高;3)方差比率法分析表明,主要虾类总体呈显著正关联,其中有13个种对间的联结性达到显著水平(χ²≥3.841),联结系数(AC)和共同出现百分率(PC)表明种间联结性趋于正相关.本研究结果为探讨虾类的生态位分化、种间竞争及对环境的适应性研究提供了数据资料.

Niches and interspecific association of dominant shrimp species in the offshore waters of southern Zhejiang Province,China

Based on data from November of 2015 (autumn), February (winter), May (spring), and August (summer) of 2016 in the offshore waters of southern Zhejiang Province, the relationships between major shrimps species were examined by niche breadth, niche overlap, variance ratio, chi-square test, association coefficient and species pair co-occurrence percentage. The results showed that temporal niche breadth of Atypopenaeus stenodactylu was the largest, spatial niche breadth of Solenocera crassicornis was the largest, and A. stenodactylu had the largest spatio-temporal niche breadth. The temporal niche overlap between Parapenaeus fissuroides and Parapenaeopsis tenella was the highest. The spatial niche overlap between Solenocera koelbeli and Penaeus chinensis, P. fissuroides and Heterocarpoides laevicarina were the highest. The spatio-temporal niche overlap between S. koelbeli and P. chinensis was the highest. The analysis of variance ratio showed that the main shrimp species were significantly positively correlated. Positive correlation existed in 13 pairs (χ²≥3.841). Results from the association coefficient (AC) and co-occurrence percentage (PC) indicated that the interspecific association tended to be positive. Our results provide supports for exploring niche breadth and niche overlap of major shrimp species and improving niche differentiation.