景观生态学在风景园林领域应用的研究进展

作为我国风景园林学科的三大基础理论之一,景观生态学是风景园林师从经验规划/设计转向循证规划/设计的利器.本文根据国内外已有研究,挖掘景观生态学在风景园林领域的应用优势与必要性;基于文献分析法,从规划设计研究主体、科学基础以及景观性能与人类福祉三方面总结景观生态学在风景园林领域的研究热点与进展,并提出面向规划设计实践需求的景观生态学应用研究优先议题,包括服务多学科与多部门的景观内涵与分类体系研究、面向管理决策的景观性能评估与参数量化研究、应对人居环境与规划设计不确定性的景观格局-生态过程研究,以及提升人类福祉的景观格局-过程-服务耦合研究.开展景观生态学与风景园林领域的交叉融合研究,有利于深化并推动景观生态学综合研究成果向应用实践的转化,对于构建风景园林领域实践性科学研究体系具有重要参考价值.

Research progress on application of landscape ecology in landscape architecture.

As one of the three basic theories of landscape architecture in China, landscape ecology provides a powerful tool for leading landscape architecture in the way from experience- to evidence-based. By systematically reviewing literatures, we explored the advantages and necessity of applying landscape ecology theories and methods in landscape architecture, and summarized the interdisciplinary research hotspot and progress, including research subject, scientific foundation of planning or design, and the landscape performance for improving human wellbeing. We proposed the prior topics on the combination of landscape ecology and landscape architecture to meet the needs of planning and design in practice, including studying the landscape connotation and classification system to serve the multi-disciplinary and multi-sectors, evaluating landscape performance and quantifying the planning and design parameters for the decision-making, studying the coupling system of landscape pattern and ecological processes for solving environmental problems of human settlement and to decrease uncertainties of planning and design, studying how to enhance the capacity of landscape service for human wellbeing. We proposed to promote the application of landscape ecology comprehensive researches into practice, to consolidate the scientific basis of planning and design in landscape architecture, and to construct a practice-oriented scientific research system to bridge the gap between theory and practice.