沙漠地区盐水灌溉对牧草产量及品质的影响

在以色列南部内盖夫沙漠农业实验站 ,采用较为先进的双管重叠水喷灌系统 ,研究了不同浓度盐水灌溉下狗牙根 (CynodondactylonL .) 6个品种的 (Suwannee、Coastcross、Tifton4 4、Tifton6 8、Tifton78、Tifton85 )牧草产量、粗蛋白、灰分、纤维素含量的变化 ,同时 ,采用较为先进的瘤胃胃液消化法分析了不同盐水灌溉的牧草干草在山羊体内的消化率 .结果表明 ,在Eci小于 10ds·m-1条件下 ,6个狗牙根品种维持较高产草量 ,尤其是Eci=4 .4ds·m-1,Coastcross、Suwannee、Tifton4 4、Tifton6 8、Tifton78和Tifton85的产量分别较淡水 (Eci=1.2 )灌溉的产量增加了 14 1%、6 1.1%、136 %、12 1.2 %、2 0 2 .3%和 10 9.7% ,干物质产量也随灌溉水盐浓度增加而提高 ,而牧草纤维素含量无明显增加 .饲养及消化实验表明 ,盐水灌溉的干草更为山羊喜食 ,干草消化率也随灌溉水盐浓度增加而增加 ,表明适当浓度的盐水灌溉不仅不会引起牧草产量下降 ,而且可提高牧草品质和喜食性 ,在农业和牧业上具有重要应用前景

Influence of saltwater irrigation on the yield and quality of Cynodon dactylon under desert conditions

Responses of six varieties (Suwannee, Coast cross, Tifton44, Tifton68, Tifton78 and Tifton85) of Cynodon dactylon to irrigation-water salinity were investigated in field by means of a double line source experimental design. The digestibility of the grass by goat was analyzed using the rumen gastric justice digestion method. The results showed that the six varieties grew well, and had a high yield of fresh grass when eletro-conductivity (Eci) < 10 ds.m-1. Particularly when Eci = 4.4 ds.m-1, the fresh grass yield of Coast cross, Suwannee, Tifton44, Tifton68, Tifton78 and Tifton85 was respectively increased by 142.1%, 61.1%, 136%, 121.1%, 202.3% and 109.7%, in comparison with fresh water (Eci = 1.2) irrigation. Dry matter yield was also elevated with the increasing salinity of irrigated water. There was no obvious effect of salinity on crude protein, fiber and ash contents in the six varieties. Goats were fond of eating the hay irrigated by saline water, perhaps because of its higher digestibility. At least, the yield and quality of Cynodon dactylon were not effected by saltwater irrigation.