北京城市公园湿地的休憩吸引力评价

以北京地区20个城市公园湿地为研究对象,从公园湿地的景观质量、区位条件、可达性3方面构建了城市公园湿地休憩吸引力评价指标体系,并基于层次分析法赋权的综合指数评价方法,对公园湿地的休憩吸引力进行评价,最后通过实地问卷调查数据对休憩吸引力评价结果进行验证,结果表明:具有高休憩吸引力的公园湿地依次为颐和园、奥林匹克公园、青龙湖公园、北海公园、圆明园、玉渊潭公园、十渡、金海湖风景区、陶然亭公园、野鸭湖湿地,稻香湖湿地和珍珠湖风景区的休憩吸引力最低,其余8个公园湿地休憩吸引力一般.休憩吸引力评价结果与实际调查数据相符,说明所建立的评价指标体系与评价方法是可行的.20个公园湿地按照其休憩吸引力可聚为4类,据此可制定不同的管理对策.通过城市公园湿地休憩吸引力评价,分析城市公园湿地景观在休闲游憩方面所发挥的作用,可以为城市湿地公园的优化与配置、提高人居环境质量、改善城市景观布局提供依据.

Recreational attraction of urban park wetlands in Beijing

Taking the 20 urban park wetlands in Beijing as test objects,a 3-layer evaluation index system including urban park wetland landscape quality,location condition,and accessibility for the recreational attraction of urban bark wetlands was established,and,by using analytic hierarchy process(AHP) and an integrating index evaluation method,the recreational attraction of the urban park wetlands in Beijing was quantitatively assessed,and validated with questionnaire data.In Beijing,the urban park wetlands with high recreational attraction were in the order of the Summer Palace,Olympic Park,Qinglong Lake Park,Beihai Park,Yuanmingyuan Park,Yuyuantan Park,Shidu,Golden Sea Lake scenic area,Taoranting Park,and Yeyahu wetland.The Rice Fragrance Lake wetland and Zhenzhuhu scenic area had the lowest recreational attraction,and the others were fair.The evaluation results were supported by the questionnaire data,which indicated that the index system and evaluation model were useful.According to the recreational services,the 20 park wetlands in Beijing could be clustered into four categories,which could be managed in different ways.Appropriately assessing the recreational services of urban park wetlands could help the decision-making on the urban parks optimal planning and designing,improve human living environment,and optimize the spatial distribution of urban landscape.