柑橘属光合作用的环境调节

光合机构的运转受环境影响很大，与柑橘的生长发育、产量和品质密切相关.结合我们的工作，综合论述了柑橘光合作用环境调节的研究进展.强光和紫外光导致光合作用下降与PSⅡ反应中心失活有关，光呼吸和叶黄素循环对光合机构有保护作用.温度胁迫下，光合作用下降主要是RuBPCase活性下降和PSⅡ反应中心失活引起，品种间存在差异.轻度水分胁迫引起的光合作用下降是气孔限制的结果，而严重水分胁迫导致光合作用的非气孔限制.提高CO₂浓度,能够促进柑橘的光合作用，进而促进柑橘的生长和提高其品质.阐述了N、P、S、Fe等矿质元素调节光合作用的机理及盐胁迫对光合作用的影响,指出了今后柑橘光合作用的研究方向.

Environmental regulation of Citrus photosynthesis

Recent researches on the mechanisms of environmental regulation of citrus photosynthesis showed that the photoinhibition of photosynthesis induced by strong light or ultraviolet radiation was related to the inactiveness of PS II reaction center, and photorespiration and xanthophyll cycle played a pivotal role in protecting photosynthetic apparatus. Under temperature stress, lower CO2 assimilation was mainly due to the decrease of RuBPCase activity and the inactiveness of PS II reaction center, and species sensitivity existed. The decline of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation under high water stress was due to non-stomatal limitation, while that under low water stress was due to stomatal limitation. The citrus growth, yield and quality could be increased by increasing photosynthesis under elevated CO2 concentration. The mechanisms of photosynthesis regulation by minerals such as nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur and iron, as well as the effects of salt stress on photosynthesis were discussed, and the directions for future research were suggested.