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拖网捕捞对东海渔业资源种群结构的影响
引用本文:樊伟,周甦芳,崔雪森,程炎宏.拖网捕捞对东海渔业资源种群结构的影响[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(10):1697-1700.
作者姓名:樊伟  周甦芳  崔雪森  程炎宏
作者单位:1. 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室,上海,200090;华东师范大学河口海岸国家重点实验室,上海,200062
2. 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室,上海,200090
基金项目:国家“863”计划资助项目(863-818-07-03)
摘    要:利用收集到的近50年东海主要渔业企业和近7年来主要地区的拖网捕捞分品种渔获量数据,研究计算了双船拖网和单船网板拖网的渔获物食性指数与品种组成指数。结果表明,1974年前东海鱼类食性指数不断增大,之后开始迅速减小,呈现先升后降趋势,品种组成指数渔获物对数均值从20世纪70年代后期开始不断下降,标准差则缓慢增大,近7年单拖网渔获物的计算结果也表现出鱼类食性指数的下降趋势,长期拖网过度捕捞是造成东海海洋生态系中渔业资源种群结构变化的重要原因,渔业资源已经过度开发,种群结构稳定性减弱。

关 键 词:拖网捕捞  海洋生态系统  食性指数  品种组成指数
文章编号:1001-9332(2003)10-1697-04
修稿时间:2001年11月9日

Impact of trawl fishing on fisheries population components in East China Sea
FAN Wei,ZHOU Sufang,GUI Xuesen CHENG Yanhong,.Impact of trawl fishing on fisheries population components in East China Sea[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2003,14(10):1697-1700.
Authors:FAN Wei  ZHOU Sufang  GUI Xuesen CHENG Yanhong  
Institution:Key Laboratory of Marine and Estuarine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Estuary and Coastal, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China. fan-wee@sohu.com
Abstract:Based on the recent 50 years two-boats trawl fishing data of some state-owned fisheries companies and recent 7 years single-boat fishing data of some areas in East China Sea, the trophic index(TI) and composition indexs of fishes of two-boats trawl and single-boat trawl were calculated and analyzed, which indicated that TI increased before 1974 and decreased rapidly thereafter, while composition index decreased from the end of 1970s, but SD increased. The results of single-boat trawl also indicated that TI decreased gradually. Long-term over-fishing of trawl was one of the main reasons of the change of fisheries population structure in East China Sea. All of these showed that there was an over-fishing in East China Sea, and the robust of fisheries population was lower.
Keywords:Trawl fishing  Marine ecosystem  Trophic index  Composition index  
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