蔬菜温室土壤某些化学性质的演变特征

1引言温室蔬菜生产具有许多露地栽培无可比拟的优点,如通过人工调节水、肥、气、热条件,充分利用光能进行高效生产,使土地生产力和光能利用率成倍提高.然而,由于温室土壤常处于半封闭状态下,气温高,湿度大,水分蒸发量大,缺少雨水淋洗,化肥及有机肥投入量大,土壤利用频度高,与露地土壤环境条件存在明显差别2,9,10,16].蔬菜栽培几年后,温室土壤的基本性状会发生明显变化,从而导致土壤化学性质发生明显变化,并进一步影响蔬菜的生长发育及产量、品质等2~5,7,13].本文对辽宁省新民市大民屯蔬菜基地不同使用年限蔬菜温室的不同深度土壤化学性质…

Soil chemical property changes in vegetable greenhouse fields

To explore the changes of soil chemical properties in vegetable greenhouse, a comparative study was carried out with the samples gathered from vegetable greenhouse fields and their adjacent upland fields in Damintun Town, Xinming County, Liaoning Province. The results showed that compared with upland fields, the contents of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in greenhouse fields increased significantly. At the depth of 0 approximately 30 cm, soil organic carbon in greenhouses of 1-, 4- and 10-year increased by 31.09%, 35.44%, and 66.80%, respectively, compared with the upland soil. Soil nitrate content at the depth of 0 approximately 30 cm in greenhouse fields was 5.05 approximately 12.49 times as much as that in upland fields. The nitrate content in different soil layers increased with the increasing age of greenhouse field., e.g., at the depth of 20 approximately 30 cm, soil nitrate content was significantly higher in 10-year than in 1- and 4-year greenhouse field, with an increase of 65.73% and 50.89%, respectively, and 6.55 times as much as that in upland field, which indicated that soil nitrate transported downwards, and obviously enriched in deeper soil layers under heavy application of fertilizer. Also with the increasing age of greenhouse field, soil pH decreased, while soil soluble salts accumulated.