利用微卫星标记研究鸭品种的遗传多样性

利用32个微卫星标记研究了5个福建省地方鸭品种（金定鸭、连城白鸭、莆田黑鸭、山麻鸭和番鸭）和2个对照品种（北京鸭和卡基康贝尔鸭）的遗传多样性和种质特性.结果表明：32个微卫星标记在7个鸭品种中检测到371个等位基因，平均每个基因座有11.719个等位基因，平均多态信息含量为0.522，有效等位基因数在5.141～6961，基因杂合度变化范围在0.512～0.700，杂合度较高;基于Nei氏标准遗传距离(D_S)和D_A遗传距离，采用UPGMA方法构建了系统发生树，将金定鸭、莆田黑鸭、连城白鸭、山麻鸭和卡基康贝尔鸭聚为一类，而北京鸭和番鸭各自聚为一类.所得聚类图与种群的真实关系较为符合.

Genetic diversity of duck breeds: A study with microsatellite markers.

Thirty two microsatellite markers were utilized to analyze the genetic diversity and germplasm characteristics of five Fujian native duck breeds (Jind ing duck, Liancheng white duck, Putian black duck, Shanma duck, and Muscovy duck) and two reference duck breeds (Beijing duck and Khaki Campbell duck). By using the marke rs, 371 alleles in test duck breeds were detected. The average allelic number pe r locus was 11719, average value of PIC was 0.522, average number of effec tive alleles was from 5141 to 6961, and average heterozygosity was from 05 12 to 0700. Based on Nei’s standard distance (DS) and DA genetic distance, a dendrogram was constructed by using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean ( UPGMA). Jinding duck, Putian black duck, Liancheng white duck, Shanma duck, and Khaki Campbell duck were clustered into a group, and Beijing duck and Muscovy duck wer e clustered into another two groups, respectively. The dendrogram of DA and DS g enetic distances were accorded with the real relations among the seven duck bree ds.