上海市地面藓类植物生态位研究

在上海市市区和西部郊区主要公园，以及吴泾化工厂和吴淞化工厂，共设立22个样点，调查发现共有75种地面藓类植物.根据Levins公式计算了75种藓类植物的生态位宽度.结果表明，藓类植物种数与生态位宽度符合：N= 0.344×e^-0.0377B，R=0.9684.大部分地面藓类植物生态位宽度很窄，68%种类生态位宽度小于0.1，因而在苔藓植物保护中应特别注意对小生境的保护.运用王刚的生态位重叠公式计测了其中重要值大于0.1的39种主要藓类植物的生态位重叠值，应用主坐标排序法和最小生成树法对它们进行分类.结果表明，这39种藓类植物可被分成5个生态类群，与生境有一定关系.

Niche of the mosses on floor in Shanghai city

The mosses on the floor of 22 sites at 20 main parks and 2 chemical plants in Shanghai were sampled, and 75 moss species were recorded. Their niche breadths were calculated by Levins equation. The results indicated that most moss species had rather narrow niche breadth, 68% of them with a niche breadth less than 0.1. The relationship between species number (N) and their niche breadth (B) followed the model N = 0.344 x e(-0.0377B), R = 0.9684. The niche overlaps of 39 main moss species (important value > 0.1) were calculated by Wang's equation. Based on their niche overlaps, the ordination plot of Principal Axes Analysis (PAA) and the Minimal Spanning Tree (MST) were drawn. The results showed that five ecological groups of the 39 moss species related to different habitats could be identified.