一种新发现的铜积累植物——密毛蕨

对铜尾矿上生长的密毛蕨(Petridium revolutum)进行了野外调查分析和温室营养液砂培实验.结果表明，密毛蕨所生长的废铜矿土壤中Cu含量平均为2 432 mg·kg^-1 DW，最高达7 554 mg·kg^-1 DW；地上部生物量平均为18.33 g·plant^-1 DW，最高达40.05 g·plant^-1 DW；地上部Cu含量平均为201 mg·kg^-1 DW，最高达567 mg·kg^-1 DW；地下部Cu含量平均为346 mg·kg^-1 DW，最高达1 723 mg kg^-1 DW；密毛蕨对Cu的转移系数平均为0.81，最高达3.88.在营养液砂培的条件下，Cu 7 mg·L^-1处理没有抑制密毛蕨地上部的生长；密毛蕨体内的Cu含量随着介质中Cu浓度的增加而显著增加，但是大部分的Cu积累在地下部.密毛蕨对Cu具有较强的忍耐和较高的积累能力，可作为修复Cu污染土壤的新材料.

Petridium revolutum,a promising plant for phytoremediation of Cu-polluted soil

A field survey on the Petridium revolutum growing on the Cu mining spoils in Yunnan Province and related greenhouse hydroponic sand culture experiment showed that when growing on the soil with an average Cu concentration of 2 432 mg x kg(-1) DW and the maximum Cu concentration of 7 554 mg x kg(-1) DW, P. revolutum had a large amount of aboveground biomass, with the maximum dry weight of 40.05 g x plant(-1) DW and the average dry weight of 18.33 g x plant(-1) DW. The average and maximum Cu contents were 201 and 567 mg x kg(-1) DW in aboveground biomass, and 346 and 1723 kg(-1) DW in underground biomass, respectively. The transfer factor of Cu reached a maximum of 3.88, with an average of 0.81. Under quartz sand culture condition, P. revolutum could grow well when the Cu concentration in nutrient solution was 7 mg x L(-1). The accumulation of Cu by P. revolutum plant increased significantly with increasing Cu concentration, with the most of absorbed Cu concentrated in underground biomass. It was suggested that P. revolutum had a remarkable tolerance to Cu and a potential capacity of Cu accumulation, and could be used in the phytoremediation of Cu-polluted soils.