我国南方红壤矿区复垦土壤的微生物生态特征研究Ⅰ对土壤微生物活性的影响

通过对浙江哩浦铜矿废弃地土壤微生物、土壤酶活性及生化作用强度研究表明，与对照土壤相比，矿区土壤微生物总数下降68．43％～80．32％，细菌、放线菌数量减少，但真菌变化不明显，各主要生理类群硝化细菌、氨化细菌、固氮菌、纤维素分解菌数量均呈下降趋势，土壤基础呼吸速率下降；土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、蛋白酶、酸性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶和脱氢酶酶活性均有不同程度减弱；土壤硝化作用、氨化作用、固氮作用和纤维素分解强度降低，抑制了矿区土壤C、N的周转速率和能量循环，土壤微生物活性减弱是矿区复垦土壤微生物生态的重要特征之一。

Microbial eco-characteristics of reclaimed mining wasteland in red soil area of Southern ChinaⅠ.Effects on soil microbial activity

Studies on the soil microbes, soil enzyme activity and soil biochemical intensity in copper mining wasteland indicated that the total quantity of major soil microbes declined by 68.43%-80.32%, compared with that of the non-minig soil. The proportion of bacteria and actinomyces decreased, while that of fungi did not changed obviously. The amount of major physiological groups including ammonifiers, nitrogen fixing bacteria, cellulose decomposing bacteria, aerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria and anaerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria all decreased, and soil basic respiration descended, compared with the control. The activity of soil enzymes weakened, which included urease, sucrase, proteinase, acid phosphtase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and dehydrogenase. Soil biochemical intensity including ammonification, nitrification, nitrogen fixation and cellulose decomposition descended, and the circulation of C and N in mining soil inhibited. All the results showed that the weakening of microbial activity was one of major characteristics in reclaimed mining soil.