喀斯特石漠化地区不同恢复和重建措施对土壤质量的影响

采取4种不同恢复和重建措施对典型喀斯特石漠化地区进行了13年的生态治理研究.结果表明,喀斯特严重石漠化区（对照）植物多样性极低，土壤肥力极差，生态环境极为恶劣;改为花椒种植或多种乔-灌-藤混交种植后，植物多样性明显增大，土壤质量得到一定程度恢复，生态系统朝着良性循环方向发展；采取封山育林措施后，林下植被层和群落多样性恢复得最快，林地土壤质量得到较快的恢复；保留较好的喀斯特次生林中植物多样性较高，土壤质量最好.采用合适的生物措施，辅以必要的工程措施，是促进严重喀斯特石漠化地区生态重建的有效途径之一.

Effects of different recover and restoration measures on soil quality in Karst rocky desertification region

The soil quality of karst rocky desertification region were taken as case studies with four different recover and restoration measures for 13 years long-term fixed site harnessing in Guizhou Province,and plant diversity and soil fertility over different measures were investigated.The results showed that the plant diversity was the lowest,soil feritilities and ecosystem environment were the poorest in the control land with no restoration measure.The plant diversity rised evidently and the soil quality restorated to some degree in the measure of changing into a Zanthoxylum bungeamum woods(Measure A) and the measure of changing into multispecies woods(Measure B).The diversity of auxiliary community were resumed to the best degree and soil quality were resumed to the best degree in measure of closed forest(Measure C).The plant diversity was higher and soil quality was best in measure of secondary forest(Measure D).Therefore,the proper biological measures and the essential engineering measures are effective to recover the serious degradation ecosystem in Karst mountain of Guizhou Province.