硫膜和树脂膜控释尿素对小麦产量、品质及氮素利用率的影响

通过田间试验,研究了硫膜和树脂膜控释尿素对小麦产量、品质和耕层土壤无机氮含量及氮素利用率的影响.结果表明:与普通尿素相比,硫膜和树脂膜控释尿素均能显著提高小麦籽粒产量和品质,增产幅度达10.4％～16.5％,小麦籽粒蛋白质和淀粉含量分别提高5.8％～18.9％和0.3％～1.4％;两种控释肥均能有效保持耕层土壤无机氮含量,且其氮素后移的功效满足了小麦生育后期对氮素的需求;有效提高了氮肥偏生产力,降低了土壤氮素依存率(降幅11.0％ ～17.3％),提高了氮素利用率(增幅58.2％～101.2％).其中,树脂膜控释尿素比硫膜控释尿素表现出更好的增产效应,实现了氮素的高效利用.

Effects of sulfur- and polymer-coated controlled release urea fertilizers on wheat yield and quality and fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency

A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of sulfur- and polymer-coated controlled release urea fertilizers on wheat yield and its quality, plow layer soil inorganic nitrogen (N) contents, and fertilizer N use efficiency. Compared with traditional urea fertilizer, both sulfur- and polymer-coated controlled release urea fertilizers increased the grain yield by 10.4%-16.5%, and the grain protein and starch contents by 5.8%-18.9% and 0.3%-1.4%, respectively. The controlled release urea fertilizers could maintain the topsoil inorganic N contents to meet the N requirement for the wheat, especially during its late growth stage. In the meantime, the fertilizer N use efficiency was improved by 58.2%-101.2%. Polymer-coated urea produced better wheat yield and higher fertilizer N use efficiency, compared with sulfur-coated controlled release urea.