基于突变理论的近岸海域生态风险综合评价方法——以罗源湾为例

基于突变理论建立了“海水水质-沉积物-生物体”三相一体、“富营养化-重金属-有机污染”3种类型的近岸海域生态风险综合评价指标体系和递级突变模型,综合相关质量标准,建立了近岸海域生态风险4级评判标准(无、低、中、高),采用2007和2009年监测数据对罗源湾进行生态风险综合评价.结果表明:2007-2009年,罗源湾生态风险空间变化特征表现为从湾顶到湾口呈降低趋势;2009年罗源湾生态风险等级总体小于2007年;罗源湾关键生态风险因素为富营养化.本文所建方法能够识别近岸海域生态风险的时空变化特征,能较好地反映出关键风险因素,为近岸海域生态风险有效预测预警提供了基础方法.

An approach for integrated assessment of eco-risk in coastal waters based on catastrophe theory: taking Luoyuan Bay as a case

Based on catastrophe theory, this paper established an index system and catastrophe progression model for the integrated assessment of eco-risk in coastal waters, including three risk types of "eutrophication-heavy metal pollution-organic pollution" and three dimensions of "water-sediment-organism". According to the related quality standards, a four-level evaluation standard of eco-risk (zero, low, medium, and high) was proposed, and by using the monitoring data of 2007 and 2009, an integrated assessment of the eco-risk in Luoyuan Bay was conducted. In 2007-2009, the spatial variation of the eco-risk in Luoyuan Bay had a downward trend from bayhead to baymouth, and the risk level in 2009 was overall lower than that in 2007. The key factor of the eco-risk in the Bay was eutrophication. The approach established in this paper could identify the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of eco-risk in coastal waters, and better reflect the key eco-risk factor, providing a basic approach for effective forecasting and early warning of eco-risk in coastal waters.