种植转Bt基因水稻对土壤酶活性的影响

转Bt基因及非Bt基因水稻的盆栽试验研究表明，转Bt基因水稻在生长发育过程中可以向土壤中释放杀虫晶体蛋白，而且杀虫晶体蛋白的释放量与水稻生长发育时间有关；与非Bt基因水稻相比，转Bt基因水稻生长15d时，土壤脲酶活性显著下降(降幅为2．47％)，土壤酸性磷酸酶活性显著升高(增幅为8．91％)，而土壤芳基硫酸酯酶、蔗糖酶和脱氢酶活性的变化差异不显著；生长30d时，土壤脲酶活性仍显著下降(降幅为16．36％)，土壤酸性磷酸酶、芳基硫酸酯酶和脱氢酶活性显著升高(增幅分别为35．69％，19．70％和16．83％)，而土壤蔗糖酶活性变化差异仍不显著。

Effect of transgenic Bt rice planting on soil enzyme activities

A pot experiment was conducted with silty loam Agrodolf as test soil and with transgenic Bt rice and non Bt rice as test crops to study the effect of transgenic Bt rice planting on soil urease,phophatase,arylsulfatase,invertase,and dehydrogenase activities. The results showed that Bt toxin could be introduced into soil through root exudates of transgenic Bt rice,and its survival amount in soil varied with time. Compared with non Bt rice treatment,transgenic Bt rice treatment had a significant decrease (2.47%) of soil urease activity and a significant increase (8.91%) of soil acid phosphatase activity,but no significant change in soil arylsulfatase,invertase,and dehydrogenase activities at the 15th day of emergence. At the 30th day of emergence,the transgenic Bt rice treatment still had a significant decrease of soil urease activity (16.36%) and a significant increase of acid phosphatase activity (35.69%),and no change in invertase activity. It also had significant increases in soil arylsulfatase (19.70%) and dehydrogenase activities (16.83%).