贵州省森林生物量及其空间格局

利用1996—2000年贵州省森林资源连续清查5500个样地的资料,依据主要森林类型蓄积量-生物量的转换函数估算贵州省各种林地的生物量,分析其空间分布格局,以及喀斯特和非喀斯特地貌上森林生物量的差异.结果表明:贵州省林地和非林地乔灌木的总生物量为3.51×108 t,其中非喀斯特林木占82%,喀斯特林木占18%.不同林地类型的生物量存在差异,林分生物量最高,占总林地生物量的71.4%.喀斯特林地总生物量明显低于非喀斯特林地.不同优势种(组)中,杉木林总生物量最高,达5.38×107 t,硬阔类为4.99×107 t,马尾松、云南松及栎类在2.87×107～3.54×107 t,柏木和软阔叶类分别为1.52×107 t和1.43×107 t,其他优势种(组)均低于1.0×107 t.行政区划上,黔东南州的林地总生物量(9.83×107 t)和林分生物量(5.88×107 t)为遵义、铜仁和黔南地区的2～3倍,且远高于黔西南、毕节、贵阳、安顺和六盘水地区(总生物量为0.53×107～1.85×107 t,林分生物量为0.16×107～0.86×107t).高生物量(>400 t·hm-2)和中高生物量密度(100...

Forest biomass and its spatial pattern in Guizhou Province

Based on the forest inventory data of 5500 sampling plots from 1996 to 2000 in Guizhou Province and according to the biomass expansion factors (BEF) of various forest types, the forest biomass in the Province was estimated, with its spatial pattern and its differences between karst and non-karst regions analyzed. In the study period, the total biomass of trees and shrubs on forest and non-forest lands was 3.51 x 10(8) t, 18% and 82% of which came from karst and non-karst regions, respectively. Different forest types had different forest biomass. Forest stands had the highest forest biomass, accounting for 71.4% of the total, and the total forest biomass in karst region was obviously lower than that in non-karst region. Among the dominant tree species and groups, Cunninghamia lanceolata had the highest total biomass (5.38 x 10(7) t), followed by sclerophyll broadleaved woods (4.99 x 10(7) t), Pinus massoniana, P. yunnanensis, and Quercus (2.87 x 10(7) -3.54 x 10(7) t), Cupress (1.52 x 10(7) t) and malacophyll broadleaved woods (1.43 x 10(7) t), and the others (< 1.00 x 10(7) t). Based on the administrative division, the total forest biomass (9.83 x 10(7)t) and forest stand biomass (5.88 x 10(7)t) in South Guizhou were 1-2 folds higher than those in Zunyi, Tongren and Qiannan Districts, and far higher than those in Qianxinan, Bijie, Guiyang, Anshun, and Liupanshui Districts (total forest biomass 0.53 x 10(7) -1.85 x 10(7) t and forest stand biomass 0.16 x 10(7) -0.86 x 10(7)t). High biomass (> 400 t x hm(-2)) and medium-high biomass density (100-400 t x hm(-2)) mainly occurred in the bamboo forest and other forest stands in Southeast, East, and Northwest Guizhou, while medium-low biomass (30-100 t x hm(-2)) occurred in the forest and non-forest areas of the Province. Low forest biomass (0-30 t x hm(-2)) mainly occurred in karst region. Overall, the forest biomass in the Province was relatively low, being closely related to the topography of plateau and mountains, the rocky-desertification in karst region, and the shallow soil layer and dry habitat under karst forests, as well as the strong disturbance of human activities.