关于森林基础设施属性的探讨

分析了生态基础设施概念的由来和发展，国际社会对森林功能和作用的认识过程，森林对我国经济建设和生态安全的重要性，以及当前林业生态建设的形势和所面临的问题，提出应将森林定位为现代社会国民经济和社会发展的基础设施，强调了森林基础设施定位对转变当前林业生态建设方式的重要作用．在综合分析森林生态系统特点的基础上，认为森林基础设施属性具有一定的特殊性，即主体由活体的生物材料构成，权属带有明显的多元性质，所以林业生态建设的模式和管理体制既要遵循基础设施的基本原则，又应考虑到森林的特殊性．提出了当前开展林业生态建设的4点建议：发展以人与自然和谐为核心的现代生态观；建立长期稳定的林业生态建设投资渠道；按照基础设施建设的原则实施林业生态建设工程；按照基础设施管理的原则经营森林．

Attributes of forest infrastructure

This paper discussed the origin and evolution of the conception of ecological infrastructure, the understanding of international communities about the functions of forest, the important roles of forest in China' s economic development and ecological security, and the situations and challenges to the ongoing forestry ecological restoration programs. It was suggested that forest should be defined as an essential infrastructure for national economic and social development in a modern society. The critical functions of forest infrastructure played in the transition of forestry ecological development were emphasized. Based on the synthesis of forest ecosystem features, it was considered that the attributes of forest infrastructure are distinctive, due to the fact that it is constructed by living biological material and diversified in ownership. The forestry ecological restoration program should not only follow the basic principles of infrastructural construction, but also take the special characteristics of forests into consideration in studying the managerial system of the programs. Some suggestions for the ongoing programs were put forward: 1) developing a modern concept of ecosystem where man and nature in harmony is the core, 2) formulating long-term stable investments for forestry ecological restoration programs, 3) implementing forestry ecological restoration programs based on infrastructure construction principles, and 4) managing forests according to the principles of infrastructural construction management.