转Bt基因棉田节肢动物群落结构特征研究

比较研究了转Bt基因棉--保铃棉、中棉30和常规棉常规防治、常规棉不防治4种类型棉田的节肢动物群落构成及结构.结果表明,保铃棉、中棉30的物种丰富度有一定降低(2.4%～16.3%),个体总量显著减小(71.0%～78.3%).其中植食性亚群落的优势种组成及次序改变,其个体总量降低最多,捕食性和寄生性亚群落的个体总量明显增加.中棉30、保铃棉与常规棉不防治处理群落的相似系数依次最高(0.8243)、次高(0.7320),保铃棉与常规棉常规防治居第三(0.3380),常规棉常规防治与常规棉不防治居第四(0.3128),中棉30与常规棉常规防治最小(0.2665).各处理多样性指数和均匀度值的高低次序为中棉30(分别为2.3712和0.6428)＞常规棉不防治(2.3654和0.6251)＞保铃棉(2.1364和0.5791)＞常规棉常规防治(1.0877和0.2949),优势度次序为常规棉常规防治(0.8726)＞保铃棉(0.3528)＞常规棉不防治(0.1178)＞中棉30(0.1048).转Bt基因棉的害虫防治宜采取与常规棉不同的IPM策略和方法.

Arthropod community structures in transgenic Bt cotton fields.

Arthropod community structures were investigated in transgenic Bt cultivars, Bollgard(B) and Chinese cotton 30 (CC30), and common cultivars, control (C) and no control (NC) cotton field in North China in 1998. The results showed that compared with common cultivars, the species richness and the number of total individual of arthropod community in transgenic Bt cultivars field were reduced 2.4-16.3% and 71.0-78.3% respectively, in which dominant species in phytophagous subcommunity varied. The number of individual of predatory and parastic subcommunity were all increased. The similarity coefficient between CC30 and NC was 0.8243, B and NC 0.7320, B and C 0.3380, C and NC 0.3128, CC30 and C 0.2665. The order of diversity and evenness value of these were CC30 (2.3712 and 0.6428), NC (2.3654 and 0.6251), B (2.1364 and 0.5791), and C (1.0877 and 0.2949), their dominant value was 0.8726 (C), 0.3528(B), 0.1178(NC) and 0.1048 (CC30) respectively. It was concluded that different integrated pest management (IPM) strategy should be implemented in transgenic Bt cotton instead of common variety cotton field.