长江口海域真刺唇角水蚤的分布及其对全球变暖的响应

基于1959和2002年在长江口28°00′—32°00′N、122°00′—123°30′ E海域4个季节8个航次的海洋调查资料，分析了长江口海域真刺唇角水蚤的水平分布和季节变化特征及其对气候变暖的响应.结果表明：长江口海域真刺唇角水蚤平均丰度在夏秋季较低、冬春季较高，冬季真刺唇角水蚤的出现率最高，春、夏季具明显的集群性；盐度是影响真刺唇角水蚤水平分布的主要因素，该种分布的最适温度约16 ℃，最适盐度在12～20，属暖温性咸淡水种；与1959年相比，2002年长江口海域真刺唇角水蚤丰度明显降低，这可能与全球变暖有关，可作为长江口海洋变暖的一个重要指示种.春季真刺唇角水蚤的高丰度值出现在长江口最大浑浊带水域，这对于维持该水域渔场功能和生态系统的其他功能具有重要意义.

Labidocera euchaeta: Its distribution in Yangtze River Estuary and responses to global warming.

Based on the investigation data from eight oceanographic censuses in Yangtze River Estuary (28°00′〖KG-*2〗-〖KG-*7〗32°00′ N，122°00′〖KG-*2〗-〖KG-*7〗123°30′ E) in four seasons of 1959 and 2002, the seasonal distribution pattern of Labidocera euchaeta in the Estuary and the responses of this zooplankton to global warming were analyzed. In the study area, L. euchaeta had a higher average abundance in winter and spring than in summer and autumn, with the highest occurrence frequency in winter and an obvious aggregation in spring and summer. Water salinity was the key factor determining the horizontal distribution of L. euchaeta. The optimal water temperature and salinity for L. euchaeta were 16 ℃ and 12〖KG-*2〗-〖KG-*7〗20, respectively, indicating that this zooplankton belonged to a warm temperate brackish water species. Comparing with that in 1959, the abundance of L. euchaeta in 2002 decreased obviously, which could be related to global warming and suggested that L. euchaeta could be used as an important indictor species of ocean warming in Yangtze River Estuary. The high abundance of L. euchaeta in spring appeared in the most turbid zone of Yangtze River Estuary, being of significance in maintaining the functions of fishing grounds in the waters.