增强型生物除磷过程中聚磷酸盐积累微生物的研究进展

从磷污染控制、污水脱磷和磷资源角度论述了生物除磷的作用，并着重论述了增强型生物除磷过程中聚磷酸盐微生物(PAO)的研究历史、代谢特征及研究方法．聚磷酸盐广泛存在于自然界，但只有少数PAO微生物被分离、培养、鉴定出来．培养基能否分离出PAO和PAO能否在实验室条件下表现出polyP积累特征，均至关重要．糖原积累微生物(GAO)与PAO对碳源存在竞争关系，影响EBPR的效率．原位荧光分子杂交、激光共聚焦扫描电镜、微量放射自显影术、活体核磁共振光谱等现代科学技术的发展。使我们能够观察原位微生物群落组成、空间结构和功能变化．对PAO的深入研究，可改进污水脱磷的效率，提高对磷在环境中迁移转化的认识

Research Advance in polyphosphate-accumulating microorganisms in enhanced biological phosphorus removal process

This paper discussed the function of enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) in P pollution control,P containing wastewater treatment and P resources recovery,and summarized the metabolic characteristics,research progress and methodologies of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs).Although polyphosphate has been found in many organisms,only few of PAOs were isolated,cultured and identified.Culture medium formulation is the key to isolate PAOs and to study the microbial accumulation of polyphosphate,and the competition of glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs) with PAOs for carbon resources is one of the reasons of low EBPR efficiency.Modern scientific methods such as fluorescent in situ hybridization,confocal laser scanning microscope,microautoradiography,and in vivo NMR spectroscopy,provided powerful tools to analyze PAO species composition,spatial structure and functional properties under field conditions.The knowledge of PAO is valuable to enhance the P removal efficiency in water treatment plant,and to improve our understanding on P transformation and transferring in environment.