绿洲景观空间邻接特征与生态安全分析

以金塔绿洲为例，运用Arc View3．0a计算了绿洲景观类型与沙地和盐碱沼泽地的空问邻接长度和数目比例，利用地理缓冲区分析方法计算了沙地和盐碱沼泽地对绿洲景观面积的影响，提出了绿洲生态安全受胁程度的计算方法结果表明，绿洲景观类型与沙地和盐碱沼泽地的空间邻接边长和数目的差异较大；受沙地和盐碱沼泽地影响的面积在景观类型中也存在差异；草地和耕地与沙地的邻接边长和数目较大，受沙漠化的威胁比较重，而林地和耕地受盐渍化的威胁比较严重；基于景观类型空间邻接的生态安全评价分析可以初步反映绿洲景观受沙漠化和盐渍化的威胁程度

Spatial neighboring characteristics among patch types in oasis and its ecological security

In this paper, the spatial neighboring length and number between oasis types and desert or salina-marsh in the Jinta Oasis located in the arid Heihe River Basin of Northwest China were calculated by using ArcView3.0a and buffer zone analysis methods, and the threatening degree of oasis ecological security was discussed. The results indicated that it was different in neighboring length and number between oasis types and desert or salina-marsh, and the influencing area by desert and salina-marsh patches was also different. Grassland and farmland had more neighboring length and numbers with desert or salina-marsh patches, and impacted by desertification seriously. Forest and farmland had more length and numbers adjacent to salina-marsh, and influenced by salinization severely. The assessment of ecological security based on spatial analysis could reveal the threatening degree of oasis by desertification and salinization.