世界遗产地居民对生态移民影响的感知——以武陵源3个移民安置区为例

基于对武陵源3个典型移民安置区的入户调查数据,从居民感知的角度对世界遗产地生态移民的影响进行实证分析.结果表明:安置区居民对生态移民所导致的经济影响的正面感知分歧较大,对负面指标的感知较一致；居民对生态移民的社会文化积极影响的认同度较高,对消极影响感知较弱,且3个安置区居民对移民社会文化影响的感知差异明显；居民对生态移民的资源环境影响感知强烈,但普遍认为对其心理的负面影响不甚显著；居民对主要移民搬迁政策的支持度不高；年龄、文化程度、月均收入和旅游收入比重是影响居民感知评价的最重要因素；移民安置方式和参与旅游业的程度对安置区居民的感知差异存在重要影响；移民政策感知是影响居民对生态移民整体感知的主导因素.

Perception of residents in world heritage site to the effects of ecological migration: a case study of three migrant resettlement spots in Wulingyuan, Hunan Province of South-central China

Abstract: Based on the investigation in three typical migrant resettlement spots in Wulingyuan Scenic Area, a demonstration analysis was conducted on the residents' perception to the effects of ecological migration on world heritage site. The residents in the 3 spots had great differences in the positive perception to the economic effects of ecological migration, but less differences in the perception to the negative indices. The residents had high identity with the positive socio-cultural effects, but weak perception to the negative effects. The residents in the 3 resettlement spots had obvious differences in the perception to the effects on resources and environment, but mostly agreed that the negative psychological effects were not so obvious. The negative comments were given to the main migration policies. Age, educational level, monthly income, and proportion of tourism input were the main factors affecting the residents' perception, and the way of resettlement as well as the proportion of tourism input also had important effects on the residents' perception. Migration policy was the dominant factor affecting the integral perception of the residents to ecological migration.