高温对玉米螟赤眼蜂实验种群的影响

以米蛾卵为繁育寄主，组建了玉米螟赤眼蜂在26、29、32和35 ℃下的实验种群生命表，探讨了高温对玉米螟赤眼蜂生长和生殖的影响.结果表明，高温32 ℃～35 ℃对玉米螟赤眼蜂各虫态的生长发育有明显的抑制作用.卵 幼虫的存活率在26 ℃和29 ℃分别为 94.2%和88.6%，32 ℃时下降至80.2%，而35 ℃时仅为53.2%，蛹的存活率也表现出相应的下降趋势.玉米螟赤眼蜂羽化后12 h内的抱卵量、体长及卵粒大小随温度的升高而减少或变小.26 ℃时，玉米螟赤眼蜂羽化后0～12 h的抱卵量为37.9粒，随着温度的升高，抱卵量急剧下降，29 ℃、32 ℃和35 ℃的抱卵量分别为29.6、21.6和13.7粒.在26 ℃及29 ℃时，所有雌蜂均能进行正常交配和产卵，32 ℃时有6.7%的个体不产卵，至35 ℃时，则有60%的个体不能进行正常的生殖活动.

Effects of high temperature on laboratory Trichogramma ostriniae population

In this paper, the life tables of laboratory Trichogramma ostriniae population reared on Corcyra cephalonica eggs at 26 degrees C, 29 degrees C, 32 degrees C and 35 degrees C were constructed, and the effects of high temperature on the development and reproduction of this population were analyzed. The results showed that high temperature (32 degrees C to approximately 35 degreees C) greatly affected the development of T. ostriniae. The egg-larva survival rate was 94.2% at 26 degrees C and 88.6% at 29 degrees C, and decreased to 80.1% at 32 degrees C and 53.2% at 35 degrees C. The pupa survival rate also descended with the raise of temperature. The egg load and the body- and egg sizes of newly emerged female wasps were negatively responded to temperature. 12 h-old adult female had an egg load of 37.9, which was decreased with the raise of temperature, and about 29.6, 21.6 and 13.7 mature eggs were found at 29 degrees C, 32 degrees C and 35 degrees C, respectively. All females could complete their normal copulation and oviposition at 26 degrees C and 29 degrees C, but about 6.7% and 60% females could not reproduce at 32 degrees C and 35 degrees C, respectively.