植被恢复方式对松嫩草原重度退化草地土壤线虫群落特征的影响

应用类群属数、个体密度、多样性指数和功能类群指数等群落参数，研究植被恢复方式对松嫩草原重度退化草地土壤线虫群落特征的影响．结果表明：围栏封育和种植碱茅均能明显改善重度退化草地土壤线虫群落环境，但种植碱茅较围栏封育更能显著提高土壤线虫的个体密度和群落多样性．各处理样地线虫个体密度和类群属数表聚性明显，其中碱茅样地个体密度表聚性更强．对功能类群指数的统计表明，种植碱茅和围栏封育均显著改变了土壤线虫群落中r-选择和k-选择植物寄生线虫的比例．与自由生活线虫相比，植物寄生线虫对重度退化草地植被恢复更敏感．种植碱茅更利于松嫩草原重度退化草地土壤线虫群落的恢复与重建．

Effects of vegetation recovery practices on the characteristics of soil nematode communities on seriously degraded grasslands in Songnen Plain

In this paper, the data of soil nematodes on the seriously degraded grasslands in Songnen Plain under different vegetation recovery practices were collected from May to October, 2005, and the community structure and its seasonal changes of the nematodes were studied by using the community parameters of generic richness, abundance, diversity index, and functional group index. The results showed that both fencing enclosure and planting Puccinellia chinampoensis could improve the nematode communities substantially. The nematode abundance and diversity were significantly higher in planting P. chinampoensis than in fencing enclosure, whereas the generic richness and evenness had no significant difference between these two vegetation recovery practices. The functional group index indicated that fencing enclosure and planting P. chinampoensis altered the ratio of r- and k- choice of plant parasite nematodes. Compared with free-living nematodes, plant parasite nematodes were more sensitive to the vegetation recovery practices. On the seriously degraded grasslands in Songnen Plain, planting P. chinampoensis could be more favorable to the restoration of soil nematode communities than fencing enclosure.