固化技术在农村河道生态护岸中的应用

基于自主开发的固化剂，采用建筑垃圾固化桩(+植被)和土壤整体固化(+植草)技术对上海市田山庄村河道实施了护岸工程，并结合其他生态工程技术对村中污塘进行了生态重建.结果表明：由建筑垃圾制成的固化桩的抗压强度高达73 MPa，具有一定孔隙率，且硬化快、干缩小，符合生态安全性要求，在添加抗冻剂后固化桩可在-18 ℃时使用；固化桩护岸的强度较高、土壤抗侵蚀能力较强、具有较好的水力通透性，其土壤湿度与裸露河岸基本一致，对植物根系生长无明显影响；土壤整体固化后，其表面抗剪切强度比裸露河岸增加了50倍，土壤流失量仅为裸露河岸的5%；在工程实施后第10天，固化面上狗牙根草皮中部分根系开始向固化土中伸展，1个月后60%的根系深入土中，11个月后狗牙根草与固化土融为一体.固化技术与植被重建相结合，既可以满足河岸稳定性的要求，也有助于重建河岸生境.

Application of solidification technology in ecological protection of rural riverbank.

A self developed binder was used for the solidification of construction refuse piles and whole soil matrix, and a technology of this solidification combining with grass planting was adopted to ecologically protect the rural riverbanks at Tianshan Village of Shanghai. This technology and other ecological engineering techniques were also employed to reconstruct the ecological environment of a sewage pond at the Village. The results showed that the solidified piles had an anti compression strength of up to 73 MPa, with good hydraulic permeability, fast hardening rate, and low drying shrinkage, which met the requirements for ecological safety. The solidified stakes could be used at a low temperature of above -18 ℃ with addition of certain anti freezing agents. The riverbank underpinned with the solidified stakes had higher anti compressive strength, higher ability of anti soil erosion, and better hydraulic permeability; and its soil had the similar moisture content to bare riverbank soil, with no detrimental effects on the root growth of planted grass. After soil solidification, the shearing strength of the riverbank increased by 50 times, and its soil loss was only 5% of the bare riverbank. In the first 10 days after adopting this technology, parts of Cynodon dactylon roots on the surface of solidified soil matrix began to extend into soil; after one month, 60% of the roots penetrated into deeper soil layer; and 11 months later, the grass roots completely grew in-depth in the soil. The combination of our solidification technique with vegetation reconstruction satisfied the requirements of both stabilizing riverbank and improving riparian habitat.