北京东北旺农田景观步甲群落结构的时空动态比较

2000年5～10月在北京海淀区东北旺实验基地，采用陷阱法对林地、农田边界和农田3类生境共14个处理的步甲进行了取样。并在此基础上分析了不同生境和不同季节步甲科昆虫群落的动态分布特征。结果表明，林地和农田边界类生境相对于农田类生境拥有更多的步甲个体数和物种数；无论是优势种还是稀有种都趋向于在林地和边界处生活；边界对相邻农田步甲群落的多样性有积极影响；对边界进行适度的干扰(秋季翻耕)有利于提高步甲群落的个体数量；农田生境中灌溉、施肥和秸秆还田对农田中步甲群落的个体数量和物种数量的空间分布均无显著影响。此外，还结合步甲的时空分布特性对步甲受威胁状况进行了初步的分析。

Temporal and spatial structure of carabid community in agricultural landscape of Dongbeiwang,Beijing

From May to October 2000, the carabid beetles in the habitats of woodland, field margin and crop field in Dongbeiwang agroecosystem in Beijing were investigated by pitfall traps, and the temporal and spatial structure of carabid community was analyzed. The results indicated that the numbers of both carabid species and individuals were much higher in the field margin and woodland than in the crop field. Both dominant species and rare species tended to live in field margin and/or woodland. Field margins had a positive effect on the diversity and richness of carabid community in their adjacent crop fields. The modest disturbance (plowing in autumn) abstract in the field margin was beneficial for the increase of the individual number of carabid community, and the treatments of irrigation, fertilization and straw return in field had no effects on both the individual and species number of carabid community. Furthermore, the threatening condition to some carabid species was discussed, based on the analysis of the temporal and spatial dynamics of carabid community.