中国甘肃裕固族X-STR遗传多态性及其应用研究

为研究中国甘肃裕固族人群X染色体STR基因座的遗传多态性及其在群体遗传学中的应用, 采用PCR扩增, 变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳结合银染显带技术, 检测120名(女55, 男65)裕固族无关个体9个X-STR基因座(DXS7130、DXS7132、DXS6804、DXS7423、DXS7424、DXS6789、DXS6799、DXS8378和HPRTB)的等位基因频率及基因型分布, 以及存在连锁的X-STR基因座的单体型多态性; 同时, 利用X-STR构建系统发生树和进行聚类分析, 分析裕固族与我国其他民族的群体遗传关系。结果发现, DXS7130、DXS7132、DXS6804、DXS7423、DXS7424、DXS6789、DXS6799、DXS8378和HPRTB基因座分别检出8、6、6、5、6、7、6、4、6个等位基因和16、14、13、6、13、20、11、6、12种基因型, 9个X-STR基因座女性的基因型频率分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P>0.05)。由DXS7130和DXS8378基因座组成的单体型共检出15种, 由DXS6789、DXS6799、DXS7424和DXS6804基因座组成的单体型共检出55种, 单体型多样性分别为0.8212和0.9947。群体遗传多态性指标显示上述9个X-STR基因座均具有较高多态性, 在法医学个体识别、亲权鉴定及群体遗传学研究中有重要应用价值。对裕固族与我国其他民族群体遗传关系的研究结果显示, 裕固族与蒙古族及同处西北的汉族、藏族关系较近, 而与回族、维族关系较远, 提示裕固族是一个在起源上与蒙古族、汉族以及藏族关系密切的民族群体。

Genetic polymorphisms of 9 X-STR loci in Chinese Yugur ethnic group and its application

To study the genetic polymorphism of nine short tandem repeats (STRs) loci (DXS7130, DXS7132, DXS6804, DXS7423, DXS7424, DXS6789, DXS6799, DXS8378, and HPRTB) on X chromosome in Chinese Yugur ethnic group. The allele and genotype frequency of nine X-STR loci among 120 unrelated individuals (55 female, 65 male) from Yugur ethnic group were analyzed using PCR and followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining. The numbers of alleles in the nine X-STR loci were 8, 6, 6, 5, 6, 7, 6, 4, and 6, respectively; the numbers of genotypes in the nine loci were 16, 14, 13, 6, 13, 20, 11, 6, and 12, respectively. The genotype frequencies in females were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05). The nine X-STR loci were relatively abundant in polymorphic information for individual identification, paternity testing and population genetics. A total of 15 haplotypes were detected in DXS7130 and DXS8378 loci, and 55 haplotypes were detected in DXS6789, DXS6799, DXS7424, and DXS6804 loci. The haplotype diversity reached 0.8212 and 0.9947, respectively. Phylogeny tree and cluster analysis based on X-STR allele frequencies in genesis showed that Yugur ethnic group share a close relationship with Mongolian ethnic group and Chinese Han, Tibetan population and far from Hui and Uygur ethnic group, who dwell in the northwest of China.