辐照大麦M~1花粉母细胞染色体畸变及其与M~2 性状变异的关系

大麦种子经5种不同剂量γ射线辐照后, M1植株的花粉母细胞出现多种染色体畸变类型,例如后Ⅰ、后Ⅱ中出现桥、落后,后Ⅰ中出现不对称分裂,后Ⅱ中出现不同步分裂,中期Ⅰ出现环状四价体,末期Ⅰ中有三极分裂和微核,四分体中出现微核且有的微核独立于四分体,从而形成多分体。花粉母细胞的染色体畸变率随剂量的增高而升高,二者呈极显著直线相关关系。 M1花粉母细胞的染色体畸变率与M2的叶绿素突变率及农艺性状变异率呈显著或极显著指数函数关系。 M2花粉母细胞的染色体畸变率低于M1。 Abstract:Barley seeds were irradiated with five different doses of 60 Co-γ ray.There were many kinds of chromosome aberration in pollen mother cells,such as bridge,laggards in anaphase I and anaphase II,asymmetrical division in anaphase I and asynchronous division in anaphase II,ring quadrivalent in metaphase I,three pole division and micro-nuclei in telophase I,micro-nuclei in tetrad and some micro-nucleus separates from the tetrad to form polyad.The frequency of chromosome aberration in pollen mother cells of M1 increased with the increase of dose.There was a significant linear relationship between them.The frequencies of agronomic character mutation and chlorophyll mutation in M2 significantly correlated with the frequencies of chromosome aberration in pollen mother cells of M1 and showed an exponential function.The chromosome aberration frequency in pollen mother cells of M2 was lower than that of M1.

The Chromosome Aberrations in Barley M_1 Pollen Mother Cells after Radiation Treatment and Its Relationship with M_2 Mutation