长春市不同土地利用条件下大型土壤动物群落结构与组成

对长春市郊区天然次生林、市区公园绿地、郊区防护林和农田等典型土地利用生境进行大型土壤动物调查，手拣法野外采集大型土壤动物，应用个体密度和类群数量等指标，研究土地利用变化对大型土壤动物群落特征的影响。研究区共捕获大型土壤动物3773只，分别隶属于3门6纲17目102科。研究结果表明：不同土地利用生境大型土壤动物群落个体密度和类群数存在差异，其中郊区农田和防护林土壤动物的类群数和个体密度明显减少；植物群落类型对大型土壤动物群落特征有一定影响；大型土壤动物群落个体密度和类群数主要集中分布在地表0-5cm土壤层，生境地表凋落物的移除对土壤动物群落的类群数和个体密度影响不明显；此外，不同土壤动物类群对土地利用变化的响应也不同。

Community structure and composition of soil macrofauna under different land use in Changchun City

Soil macrofauna in Changchun city were investigated with emphasis on species richness and abundance in relation to land-use i. e. natural secondary forest, park greenbelt, Three-North Forest Shelterbelt and farmland in July and September in 2003. Soil macrofauna were sorted by hand. A total of 3 773 soil macrofauna individuals was captured and classified into 3 phylums, 6 classes, 17 orders and 102 families. The results suggested that the types of land use affected the individual density and group number of soil macrofauna community, and individual density and group number of soil macrofauna decreased significantly in the Three-North Forest Shelterbelt and farmland in suburb. The individual density and group number mainly lived in the layer of 0 - 5 cm in the soil profile, and litter removal did not considerably change the composition of the soil macrofauna community. The findings also suggested that soil animals had different responses to the land use change, and aboveground vegetation structure perhaps influenced the ecological structure of soil macrofauna community .