日本日光地区森林中梅花鹿的夏季巢区面积和内部利用

为了估算梅花鹿(Cervusnippon)巢区面积和内部利用以及雌雄个体间的比较,于1993-1997年在日本国日光国立公园使用无线电遥测定位法测定了8头成年雌鹿和4头雄鹿(包括1头亚成年)在森林生境中的活动定位点。按照当地梅花鹿离开和返回越夏地的日期,使用每年6月1日至10月25日的无线电遥测定位数据,采用定值核心法(Fixed kernel)计算了梅花鹿的夏季巢区面积和内部利用密度分布。梅花鹿雄鹿夏季巢区面积(192·5±50·5 hm2)显著大于雌鹿(115·7±56·7 hm2,P=0·017) ,其半家区面积(HRS0·50)和核心区面积(HRS0·25)也显著大于雌鹿(依次为P=0·027和P=0·042) ,但巢区内部利用集中度指标Ah(HRS0·50/HRS0·95)和Ac(HRS0·25/HRS0·50)在雌雄鹿之间没有显著性差异(依次为P=0·999和P=0·234)。在无线电遥测的12头梅花鹿中, 11头个体的巢区为单核心型,只有1头成年雄鹿的巢区为双核心型。11头梅花鹿个体的混合数据显示巢区面积和体重之间存在显著性相关(P=0·049) 动物学报52 (2) : 235 -241 , 2006]。

Summer home range size and inner utilization of forest sika deer Cervus nippon in Nikko, Japan

Home range size and inner utilization of sika deer Cervus nippon were compared between female and male deer. Eight adult females and 4 males including 1 subadult sika deer were radio-tracked in the Nikko National Park, central Japan, during 1993 - 1997. According to the onset and return dates of migration between summer and winter ranges of local sika deer, telemetry fixes obtained during 1 June through 25 October were used to calculate summer home range sizes and inner utilization by the fixed kernel method. Males had on average larger home range sizes than females ( Mean ±SD: 192.5 ± 50.5 vs. 115.7 ± 56.7 hm2 respectively, P = 0.017), and the same for central-half-home-range ( HRS0.50, P = 0.027) and core area ( HRS0.25, P = 0.042). However, there was no statistical difference between male and female sika deer in defined inner concentration indices of Ah (HRS0.50/HRS0.95, P = 0. 999) and Ac (HRS0.25/HRS0.50, P = 0.234). For all 12 monitored sika deer, 11 of them used singular core-area and only 1 adult male deer used double core-area in home range. Home range size and body weight were significantly correlated for pooled data of all monitored adult sika deer (P = 0.049) Acta Zoologica Sinica 52 (2): 235- 241, 2006].