卧龙自然保护区血雉的社群组织

１９９４年１１月至１９９５年９月在四川卧龙自然保护区五一棚地区,采用无线电追踪技术并结合野外观察,对血雉的社群组织进行了研究。血雉冬季集群活动,相邻群体相遇,有驱逐行为发生。分群配对时,雌鸟长距离迁移。血雉为单配偶制,配偶关系联结紧密,可维持整个繁殖季节。孵卵由雌鸟承担,取食时由雄鸟相伴,雌雄鸟共同育雏。繁殖季节不参加繁殖的亚成体雄鸟、参加繁殖的成体雄鸟或配偶对往往也有集群活动的倾向。在繁殖季节,

SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF BLOOD PHEASANT (ITHAGINIS CRUENTUS) IN WOLONG NATURE RESERVE

From November 1994 to September 1995, the social organization of Blood Pheasant (Ithaginis cruentus) was studied in Wuyipeng area of Wolong Nature Reserve in Sichuan Province by radiotelemetry and field observations- The main results are shown as follows.1. ln winter, Blood Pheasant lived in flocks and four flocks were located in the main study area by tracing their tracks in the snow. The home range of wintering flock was stable. The home range enlarged before the flock broke up and overlapped with that of the neighbouring flock- During this period aggressive behaviour was observed.2. The mating system of Blood Pheasant was monogamy and the pair bond lasted the entire breeding season. Only females incubated. During incubating period the home range of both males and females were far from the nest- The chicks were reared by both parents and together they formed a family unit. The immature males living in groups with each other did not take part in the breeding and often wandered with paired birds or males whose mates were incubating. We conjectured that living in groups could find foods effectively, enhanced the feeding efficiency of individua1s in groups and detected the predator effectively, thereby enhanced the chance ol survival. When groups broke up and pairs were formed, females dispersed and males did not.3- During breeding season the home range of neighbouring pairs overlapped and aggressive behaviour was different based t'n whether the individuals were the same wintering flock. Among individuals in the same wiT1tering flock aggressive behaviour did not occur, and among individuals in different flocks aggressive behaviour occurred.